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A review on the characterization of hydrogen in hydrogen storage materials

机译：储氢材料中氢的表征研究进展

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摘要

In order to realize a low-carbon hydrogen economy, a continuous search for materials able to store hydrogen in the solid form has been actively carried out globally. The need to accurately characterize the hydrogen storage properties of a variety of materials, including the thermodynamic and kinetic information, is of paramount importance. However owning to the diversity of potential hydrogen storage materials, it is essential to select a proper technique for characterize hydrogen storage properties to avoid faulty results. This paper serves as a critical review on several techniques commonly employed to characterize hydrogen storage materials. In this context, the working principles, advantages and drawbacks, limitations of six categories of techniques Sieverts method, gravimetric method, secondary ion mass spectrometry, thermal desorption spectroscopy, neutron scattering and electrochemical techniques are described and reviewed. It can be seen that Sieverts method is a powerful tool for metal hydride samples under normal testing regime. Gravimetric method can be used to investigate the hydrogen storage of porous samples since it normally suffers less from the sample volume uncertainty, however careful buoyancy correction must be applied to avoid faulty results. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy and thermal desorption spectroscopy can be used to study the surface/subsurface hydrogen profile and thermodynamic/kinetic properties of gas desorption of sample, respectively, providing that these samples are stable under vacuum. Neutron scattering is capable of investigating varies types of information including structural, diffusion and hydrogen dynamics of host material under in-stiu environment, although the neutron resources is not always accessible for most researchers. Electrochemical method can be used to study thermodynamic/kinetic properties for both thin film and bulk samples, but it may not be applicable to samples with low corrosion resistance and high plateau pressure.
机译：为了实现低碳氢经济，已经在全球范围内积极地进行了对能够以固态形式存储氢的材料的连续研究。准确表征包括热力学和动力学信息在内的多种材料的储氢特性至关重要。然而，由于潜在的储氢材料的多样性，必须选择一种合适的技术来表征储氢性能，以避免产生错误的结果。本文对常用的表征储氢材料的几种技术进行了严格的评述。在此背景下，对六种技术的工作原理，优缺点，局限性，Sieverts方法，重量法，二次离子质谱，热解吸光谱，中子散射和电化学技术进行了描述和综述。可以看出，Sieverts方法是在正常测试条件下处理金属氢化物样品的强大工具。重量分析法通常可减少样品体积的不确定性，因此可用于重力法研究多孔样品的储氢能力，但是必须进行仔细的浮力校正，以免产生错误的结果。二次离子质谱和热解吸光谱可分别用于研究样品气体的表面/表面氢分布和气体解吸的热力学/动力学特性，前提是这些样品在真空下稳定。尽管在大多数环境下，中子资源并不总是可利用的，但中子散射能够研究各种类型的信息，包括在环境条件下主体材料的结构，扩散和氢动力学。电化学方法可用于研究薄膜样品和块状样品的热力学/动力学性质，但可能不适用于耐腐蚀性能低且平台压力高的样品。

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