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首页> 外文期刊>Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews >Sediment erosion in hydro turbines and its effect on the flow around guide vanes of Francis turbine
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Sediment erosion in hydro turbines and its effect on the flow around guide vanes of Francis turbine

机译：水轮机中的泥沙侵蚀及其对混流式水轮机导叶周围流动的影响

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Erosion of material surface due to collision of solid particles has been a challenge to several fields of engineering. Despite of centuries of investigations and research, the exact phenomenon of erosion of surface by the solid particles has not been fully understood. Increasing number of hydropower plants are being built in the regions where rivers are heavily loaded with sediments. This induces material erosion in hydro turbines, leading to change in flow pattern, losses in efficiency, vibrations and even final breakdown of turbine components. To overcome sediment erosion related failures, development of erosion resistant alloys, coatings of the components, and optimization of hydraulic design of the components, are the important practices. In Francis turbines, erosion causes increase of clearance gap between guide vanes and facing plates and cross flow occurs from this increased gap. This cross flow together with other secondary flows disturbs the velocity profile at the runner inlet. Change in velocity profile at the inlet causes additional erosion damage and other undesired effects in the turbine runner. Most of the past studies in Francis turbine were focused to understand the flow phenomenon inside the turbine components and to analyze their effects on design improvements. There is still a need of further fundamental research to understand the effects of sediment erosion of turbine components on the flow phenomenon, and developing better designs of hydro turbines to minimize those effects. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：由于固体颗粒的碰撞而造成的材料表面侵蚀一直是多个工程领域的挑战。尽管进行了数百年的研究，但尚未完全了解固体颗粒腐蚀表面的确切现象。在河流重载泥沙的地区，正在建造越来越多的水力发电厂。这会引起水轮机的材料腐蚀，从而导致流型改变，效率损失，振动甚至导致涡轮机部件最终故障。为了克服与沉积物侵蚀有关的故障，开发抗腐蚀合金，部件涂层以及优化部件水力设计是重要的实践。在弗朗西斯涡轮机中，腐蚀导致导向叶片和面板之间的间隙增大，并且由于该增大的间隙而产生横流。这种横流与其他次要流一起干扰了流道入口处的速度分布。入口处速度分布的变化会导致额外的腐蚀破坏以及涡轮机流道中的其他不良影响。过去在Francis涡轮机中进行的大多数研究都集中于了解涡轮机内部的流动现象，并分析其对设计改进的影响。仍然需要进一步的基础研究，以了解涡轮机部件的沉积物侵蚀对流动现象的影响，并开发出更好的水轮机设计以将这些影响降至最低。 （C）2015 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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