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首页> 外文期刊>Research policy >Common Innovation (how we create the wealth of nations) in the light of reflections on Mass Flourishing (how grassroots innovation created jobs, challenge, and change)
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Common Innovation (how we create the wealth of nations) in the light of reflections on Mass Flourishing (how grassroots innovation created jobs, challenge, and change)

机译：根据对大众蓬勃发展的思考（基层创新如何创造工作，挑战和变化），共同创新（我们如何创造国家的财富）

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Edmund Phelps's 2013 book - Mass Flourishing - received a warm welcome. The reason for this was that Phelps reminds us of certain truths, worth reiterating after decades of academic works that focused more on science and technology than innovation and after decades of public policies that concentrated on scientific and technological capacities and generally missed their real target, namely innovation. Phelps reminds us of the basic economic dimension of innovation by proposing a narrow and radical definition of it: innovation is an idea with a commercial aim that is developed and commercialized and adopted by the market; this is what innovation is and thus, innovation capacity (of a country for example) is restricted to those who develop and commercialize these new ideas, those who have to finance these activities, and those who are going to adopt or reject them. Therefore, it is clear that science and technology are only rather indirectly linked with innovation. Certainly, they sustain the production process of new commercial ideas (and in certain sectors this role is very important) but they do not lie at the core of the phenomenon. What does lie at the core is the concept of economic knowledge - what works and what does not from an economic standpoint; thus, what lies at the core is not the R&D laboratory but what Phelps calls "a vast imaginarium, a space for imagining new products and processes" (p.27). And so the problem of the decline of the West and its dynamism, as documented by Phelps, is neither a problem of the inadequacy of the Science-Technology-Engineering-Mathematics (STEM) system nor a problem of the incompatibility of industrial policy, but instead a problem of economic institutions and governance that concerns those who conceive and commercialize new ideas, those who finance them and those who adopt or reject them. It is, above all, a problem of the culture, values, and mentality that either generate or not the energy and commitment of innovative entrepreneurs.
机译：埃德蒙·菲尔普斯（Edmund Phelps）在2013年出版的著作《大众蓬勃发展》受到热烈欢迎。这样做的原因是菲尔普斯使我们想起了某些真理，经过数十年的学术著作更多地侧重于科学而不是创新，经过数十年的公共政策侧重于科学和技术能力，并且普遍错过了其真正目标，值得重申革新。菲尔普斯（Phelps）通过提出狭义和激进的定义来提醒我们创新的基本经济方面：创新是一种具有商业目的的想法，该想法已被市场开发，商业化并采用；这就是创新，因此，（例如，一个国家的）创新能力仅限于那些将这些新想法发展和商业化的人，那些必须为这些活动提供资金的人以及将采用或拒绝这些新思想的人。因此，很明显，科学与技术只是与创新间接联系在一起。当然，它们维持着新商业思想的生产过程（在某些部门中，这一作用非常重要），但它们并不是现象的核心。真正的核心是经济知识的概念-从经济学的角度来看什么是可行的，什么是不可行的；因此，核心不是研发实验室，而是菲尔普斯所说的“庞大的想象空间，一个想象新产品和工艺的空间”（第27页）。因此，菲尔普斯（Phelps）证明，西方的衰落及其活力的问题既不是科学技术工程数学（STEM）系统不足的问题，也不是产业政策不兼容的问题，而是取而代之的是经济体制和治理问题，涉及到那些构思和商业化新思想的人，为新思想提供资金的人以及采纳或拒绝新思想的人。最重要的是，文化，价值观和心态的问题是否会激发创新型企业家的能量和决心。

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  • 来源
    《Research policy》 |2015年第7期|1403-1405|共3页
  • 作者

    Dominique Foray;

  • 作者单位

    Economics and Management of Innovation, Ecole Polytechnique Federate de Lausanne, Switzerland;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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