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Do important inventions benefit from knowledge originating in other technological domains?

机译：重要发明是否从其他技术领域的知识中受益？

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摘要

A frequently made claim in the innovation literature is that important inventions involve the transfer of new knowledge from one technological domain to another. This study uses U.S. patents granted from 1976 to 2006 to identify the role of knowledge acquired from outside each patent's technological domain. Our results do not seem to support the claim above. Increasing citations to external prior art is a significantly less important predictor of forward citation frequency than citing prior art that is technologically closer. This result is robust across several model specifications and ways of defining whether each flow of knowledge is external. The result is even stronger in the most highly cited technology categories. We discuss possible explanations for this apparently negative impact of external knowledge—including both measurement issues and challenges associated with assimilating disparate knowledge.
机译：在创新文献中经常提出的主张是，重要的发明涉及将新知识从一个技术领域转移到另一个技术领域。这项研究使用了1976年至2006年授予的美国专利来确定从每种专利的技术领域之外获取的知识的作用。我们的结果似乎不支持上述主张。与在技术上更接近的现有技术相比，增加对外部现有技术的引用对前向引用频率的预测意义不那么重要。该结果在几种模型规范以及定义每种知识流是否是外部的方式上都是可靠的。在引用率最高的技术类别中，结果甚至更强。我们讨论了外部知识的这种明显负面影响的可能解释，包括度量问题和与吸收不同知识有关的挑战。

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  • 来源
    《Research policy》 |2012年第1期|p.190-200|共11页
  • 作者

    Gregory F. Nemet; Evan Johnson;

  • 作者单位

    La Follette School of Public Affairs, University of Wisconsin, 1225 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA,Nelson Institute Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA,Harvard Kennedy School, Cambridge, MA, USA;

    La Follette School of Public Affairs, University of Wisconsin, 1225 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    invention; patents; citations; spillovers; knowledge flows;

    机译：发明;专利;引文溢出;知识流;

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