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Mapping and navigating transitions—The multi-level perspective compared with arenas of development

机译：映射和导航过渡-与发展领域相比的多层次视角

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摘要

Transitions of socio-technical systems imply the reconfiguration of institutions and politics making made evident the need to understand and intervene in existing patterns of growth and socio-technical practices in more sustainable directions. In recent decades, theories of transitions have been introduced, which include the multi-level approach indicating ways to govern transitions through understanding the interactions between niches, regimes and landscapes. An alternative approach is suggested, which takes its outset in arenas of development and increased awareness of actors and their way of interpreting context and performing interventions. Building on three cases covering aspects of transitions since the 1970s, the article compares the two approaches based on three concerns in relation to transition studies. The first concern reflects that conflicts are important elements of change helping actors to navigate. The second concern builds on the observation that actors engage at all levels in society including visions, institutions, and innovations. The third concern addresses the role of academic theories and advice regarding governance of transition processes in which they function as entrenched actors.The article ends by emphasising the need to help actors navigate in a field in flux. The study of arenas of development may help interpret transitions in the making, and provide a background of information about how different actors can navigate and perform strategic interventions that support sustainable transitions.
机译：社会技术系统的变迁意味着体制和政治的重新配置，使得有必要在更可持续的方向上理解和干预现有的增长方式和社会技术实践。在最近的几十年中，引入了过渡理论，其中包括多层次方法，该方法指示了通过了解生态位，政权和景观之间的相互作用来控制过渡的方法。建议了一种替代方法，该方法应从发展领域入手，并增强对行为者的认识，以及他们对情境的理解和执行干预的方式。本文以自1970年代以来涉及转型方面的三个案例为基础，根据与转型研究相关的三个关注点比较了这两种方法。第一个问题反映出冲突是改变的重要元素，有助于参与者进行应对。第二个关注点是基于观察者对社会各个层面的参与，包括愿景，制度和创新。第三个关注点是关于过渡过程的治理的学术理论和建议的作用，在过渡过程中，他们作为根深蒂固的参与者起作用。本文最后强调需要帮助参与者在不断变化的领域中导航。对发展领域的研究可能有助于解释正在发生的转变，并提供有关不同参与者如何导航和执行支持可持续转变的战略干预措施的信息背景。

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