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Managing the protection of innovations in knowledge-intensive business services

机译：管理知识密集型业务服务中的创新保护

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How do knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) protect their inventions from imitation by rival firms when choosing among various protection mechanisms? Data from the 2003 Statistics Canada Innovation Survey on services are used to investigate this issue by looking into complementarities, substitution and independence among eight protection mechanisms. A Multivariate Probit (MVP) model is estimated to take into account the fact that KIBS simultaneously consider many alternative intellectual property (IP) protection methods when they attempt to protect their innovations. Results show that patents, registration of design patterns, trademarks, secrecy and lead-time advantages over competitors constitute legal and informal methods that are used jointly. These complementarities suggest that IP protection mechanisms that are interdependent and reinforce each other to protect innovations from imitation by rival firms constitute a pattern on which firms rely to protect their innovations from imitation. A second pattern is based on the fact that KIBS rely on patents and complexity of designs as substitutes, and tend to use registration of design patterns and complexity of designs as substitutes in protecting their innovations from imitation. A third emerging pattern concerns protection mechanisms that are independent from each other and exhibit no synergy, and do not reinforce each other to protect innovations from imitation by other firms.
机译：在各种保护机制中进行选择时，知识密集型商业服务（KIBS）如何保护其发明不受竞争对手的模仿？通过调查8种保护机制之间的互补性，替代性和独立性，使用了2003年加拿大统计局关于服务的创新调查的数据来调查此问题。据估计，多变量Probit（MVP）模型考虑到KIBS在尝试保护其创新时同时考虑了许多替代性知识产权（IP）保护方法这一事实。结果表明，与竞争者相比，专利，设计图案的注册，商标，保密性和前置时间优势构成了法律和非正式方法的共同使用。这些互补性表明，相互依赖并相互增强以保护创新不受竞争对手模仿的知识产权保护机制构成了企业保护其创新不受模仿的模式。第二种模式是基于这样一个事实，即KIBS依靠专利和外观设计的复杂性作为替代，并倾向于使用外观设计模式的注册和外观设计的复杂性作为替代品，以保护其创新不受模仿。第三种新兴模式涉及相互独立的协作机制，不表现出协同作用，也不相互保护，以保护创新不受其他公司的模仿。

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