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Network Embeddedness And The Exploration Of Novel Technologies: Technological Distance, Betweenness Centrality And Density

机译：网络的嵌入性和新技术的探索：技术距离，中间性和密度

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摘要

This paper aims to understand better the innovation potential of a firm's alliance network. Here we analyze the role of an alliance network in terms of the technological distance between partners, a firm's network position (centrality) and total network density. We study how these three elements of an alliance network, separately and in combination, affect the 'twin tasks' in exploration, namely novelty creation on the one hand and its efficient absorption on the other hand. For an empirical test, we study technology-based alliance networks in the pharmaceutical, chemical and automotive industries. Our findings indicate that successful exploration indeed seems to require a delicate balance between these two exploration tasks. A second conclusion is that different network positions yield different pay-offs in terms of the number of explorative patents. In other words, success rates for exploration are not spread equally across firms. However, position alone does not tell the full story. Our empirical findings clearly indicate that exploration success also depends on the other two dimensions of embeddedness, namely technological distance and network density. The three elements of network embeddedness need to be considered jointly in order to understand their complementary effects on both novelty creation and absorptive capacity.
机译：本文旨在更好地了解企业联盟网络的创新潜力。在这里，我们根据合作伙伴之间的技术距离，企业的网络位置（中心）和总网络密度来分析联盟网络的作用。我们研究了联盟网络的这三个要素分别或组合如何影响探索中的“双任务”，即一方面是新颖性的创造，另一方面是其有效吸收。为了进行经验检验，我们研究了制药，化学和汽车行业基于技术的联盟网络。我们的发现表明，成功的勘探似乎确实需要在这两个勘探任务之间实现微妙的平衡。第二个结论是，根据探索性专利的数量，不同的网络位置会产生不同的收益。换句话说，勘探的成功率不会在各个公司之间平均分配。但是，仅靠位置并不能说明全部情况。我们的经验发现清楚地表明，勘探成功还取决于嵌入性的其他两个维度，即技术距离和网络密度。为了理解它们对新颖性创造和吸收能力的互补影响，需要共同考虑网络嵌入的三个要素。

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