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Institutions, information processing, and organization structure in research and development: evidence from the semiconductor industry

机译：研究与开发中的机构，信息处理和组织结构：来自半导体行业的证据

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摘要

This paper examines some determinants of the choice between focused and distributed modes of organization in research and development (R&D). It argues that as organizations face mounting information-processing challenges, posed by complexity and uncertainty and inherent in innovation, they gravitate towards either a focused or distributed organizational form. The paper argues further that the institutional context within which organizations operate exerts an important influence on their choice between these forms. These themes are explored through a statistical analysis of programs to develop novel manufacturing processes in the global semiconductor industry. The results show that while Japanese organizations adhered to a distributed form of organization, US firms moved towards a more focused mode.
机译：本文研究了在研究与开发（R＆D）中集中式和分布式组织模式之间进行选择的一些决定因素。它认为，随着组织面临复杂性，不确定性和创新固有的日益严峻的信息处理挑战，它们倾向于采用集中式或分布式组织形式。该论文进一步指出，组织运作所处的制度环境对他们在这些形式之间的选择产生了重要影响。通过对计划进行统计分析来探索这些主题，以开发全球半导体行业中的新颖制造工艺。结果表明，尽管日本组织坚持采用分布式组织形式，但美国公司却转向了更加集中的模式。

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