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Do public R&D subsidies produce jobs? Evidence from the SBIR/STTR program

机译：公共研发补贴是否生产工作？ 来自SBIR / Sttr计划的证据

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摘要

Governments make substantial investments in small businesses to promote innovation and create jobs. While there is extensive evidence that R&D policies catalyze innovation, there is less empirical evidence on their employment effects. We examine the impact of public R&D subsidies on net job creation with a two-study empirical research design that draws upon first-time recipients of the U.S. SBIR/STTR program from the five leading federal agencies from 2000 to 2015. This two-study design enables us to analyze the extensive and intensive margins of the program. For the first study, we compare federal recipients to a matched set of non-recipients and find awardees hire fewer employees than their counterparts. For the second study, we leverage a natural experiment to investigate the employment effects of additional matching funds from state governments. We find evidence that federal recipients that receive noncompetitive matching funds also hire fewer employees than federal recipients located in states without the match. We investigate a series of features that may accelerate or attenuate the total effect and find that ventures substitute away from hiring toward partnering and gaining access to external resources. Moreover, firms with heightened levels of risk, indicated by medium-to-low credit records, account for the greatest difference. These results highlight tensions for ventures as they balance competing expectations of the program to stimulate innovation while also creating jobs. Policymakers should reconsider whether emphasizing direct job growth is appropriate when evaluating this type of R&D program.
机译：政府对小企业进行大量投资，以促进创新并创造就业机会。虽然有广泛的证据表明研发政策催化创新，但对其就业效果的实证证据较少。我们审查公共研发补贴对净就业机会的影响，通过两项研究实证研究设计，从2000年至2015年的五个领先的联邦机构借鉴美国SBIR / Sttr计划的首次接受者。这两项研究设计使我们能够分析该计划的广泛和密集型利润率。对于第一项研究，我们将联邦收件人与一系列匹配的非接受者进行比较，并发现奖励人员比同行更少的员工雇用。对于第二项研究，我们利用自然实验来调查额外匹配基金从州政府的就业影响。我们发现有证据表明，接受非竞争性匹配基金的联邦收件人也雇用的员工比在没有比赛的州位于州的联邦收件人的员工。我们调查一系列可能加速或衰减总效果的一系列功能，并发现该企业替代雇用和获得对外部资源的合作和获取。此外，通过中低信贷记录表示风险水平提高的公司，占最大的差异。这些结果强调了对企业的紧张局势，因为它们平衡了该计划的竞争期望，以刺激创新，同时也会创造就业机会。政策制定者应重新考虑是否在评估这种类型的研发计划时强调直接工作增长。

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  • 来源
    《Research policy》 |2021年第7期|104286.1-104286.13|共13页
  • 作者

    Lauren Lanahan; Amol M. Joshi; Evan Johnson;

  • 作者单位

    University of Oregon Lundquist College of Business 1208 University St Eugene OR 97403 USA;

    Wake Forest University School of Business 1834 Wake Forest Rd. Farrell Hall Building 60 Winston-Salem NC 27109 USA;

    University of North Carolina Department of Public Policy Abernethy Hall CB# 3435 Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    RD; Employment; Small business; Innovation;

    机译：研发;就业;小本生意;创新;

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