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首页> 外文期刊>Restoration ecology >Impacts of Herbicide Application and Mechanical Cleanings on Growth and Mortality of Two Timber Species in Saccharum spontaneum Grasslands of the Panama Canal Watershed
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Impacts of Herbicide Application and Mechanical Cleanings on Growth and Mortality of Two Timber Species in Saccharum spontaneum Grasslands of the Panama Canal Watershed

机译：除草剂的施用和机械清洁对巴拿马运河流域的自然发芽草草地上两种木材生长和死亡率的影响

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摘要

Reforestation has been suggested as a strategy to control Saccharum spontaneum, an invasive grass that impedes regeneration in disturbed areas of the Panama Canal Watershed (PCW). In this study, the effects of different intensities of herbicide application and mechanical cleanings on the growth and mortality of Terminalia amazonia and Tectona grandis saplings were evaluated in S. spontaneum grasslands within the PCW. Both species exhibited greater height, basal diameter, wood volume index, wider crown diameters, deeper live crowns, and lower mortality with increasing intensity of mechanical cleanings and herbicide application. Height and competition of S. spontaneum correlated negatively with intensity of mechanical cleanings and herbicide application. Grass control costs did not differ between tree species but did increase significantly with intensity of mechanical cleanings and herbi-rncide application. We recommend fire suppression, annual herbicide application, and at least four mechanical cleanings per year in Tec. grandis plantations during the first 3 years of plantation establishment. Given the slower initial growth and mortality patterns of Ter. amazonia, aggressive grass control treatments should be continued until individuals are sufficiently large to effectively shade S. spontaneum. Results from this study suggest that reforestation with commercial timber species can rapidly establish and control .V. spontaneum growth in the PCW. Reforestation of areas already invaded or at risk of being invaded by S. spontaneum appears to be a viable strategy to reduce its abundance and subsequent negative ecological effects in the PCW.
机译：有人建议将重新造林作为控制自发性蔗糖的一种策略，以防止在巴拿马运河流域（PCW）受灾地区的再生。在这项研究中，在PCW内的自发链球菌草地上，评估了不同强度的除草剂施用和机械清洁对亚马逊榄仁和马齿T幼树的生长和死亡率的影响。随着机械清洁和除草剂施用强度的增加，这两个物种都表现出更高的高度，基部直径，木材体积指数，更宽的树冠直径，更深的活树冠以及更低的死亡率。自发链球菌的高度和竞争与机械清洁和施用除草剂的强度呈负相关。树木控制成本在树木之间没有差异，但随着机械清洁强度和除草剂施用的增加而显着增加。我们建议在Tec中灭火，每年使用除草剂，并且每年至少进行四次机械清洁。人工林建立的最初3年中的Grandis人工林。鉴于Ter的初始生长和死亡率模式较慢。在氨气不足的情况下，应继续进行积极的除草处理，直到个体足够大以有效遮盖自发链球菌。这项研究的结果表明，商品林的重新造林可以迅速建立和控制。 PCW中的自发性增长。对已经被自然链球菌入侵或有可能被自然链球菌入侵的地区进行植树造林似乎是减少其在PCW中的丰富度和随后的负面生态影响的可行策略。

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  • 来源
    《Restoration ecology》 |2009年第6期|751-761|共11页
  • 作者

    Dylan Craven; Jefferson Hall; Jean-Marc Verjans;

  • 作者单位

    Native Species Reforestation Project (PRORENA), Applied Ecology Program, Center for Tropical Forest Science, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Avenida Roosevelt 401, Balboa, Ancon, Republic of Panama;

    Native Species Reforestation Project (PRORENA), Applied Ecology Program, Center for Tropical Forest Science, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Avenida Roosevelt 401, Balboa, Ancon, Republic of Panama;

    Eco-Forest S.A., Apartado 32, Balboa, Ancon, Republic of Panama;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    invasive grass species; Panama; reforestation; Tectona grandis; Terminalia amazonia;

    机译：外来草种巴拿马;植树造林;Tectona grandis;榄仁;

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