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The impact of incinerators on human health and environment

机译：焚化炉对人类健康和环境的影响

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摘要

Of the total wastes generated by health-care organizations, 10%-25% are biomedical wastes, which are hazardous to humans and the environment and requires specific treatment and management. For decades, incineration was the method of choice for the treatment of such infectious wastes. Incinerator releases a wide variety of pollutants depending on the composition of the waste, which leads to health deterioration and environmental degradation. The significant pollutants emitted are par-ticulate matter, metals, acid gases, oxides of nitrogen, and sulfur, aside from the release of innumerable substances of unknown toxicity. This process of waste incineration poses a significant threat to public health and the environment. The major impact on health is the higher incidence of cancer and respiratory symptoms; other potential effects are congenital abnormalities, hormonal defects, and increase in sex ratio. The effect on the environmental is in the form of global warming, acidification, photochemical ozone or smog formation, eutrophication, and human and animal toxicity. Thus, there is a need to skip to newer, widely accepted, economical, and environment-friendly technologies. The use of hydroclaves and plasma pyrolysis for the incineration of biomedical wastes leads to lesser environmental degradation, negligible health impacts, safe handling of treated wastes, lesser running and maintenance costs, more effective reduction of microorganisms, and safer disposal.
机译：在医疗机构产生的全部废物中，有10％-25％是生物医学废物，对人类和环境有害，需要进行特殊的处理和管理。几十年来，焚烧是处理此类传染性废物的首选方法。焚化炉会根据废物的成分释放多种污染物，这会导致健康恶化和环境恶化。除了释放出无数毒性未知的物质外，排放的主要污染物还包括颗粒物，金属，酸性气体，氮氧化物和硫。垃圾焚烧的过程对公共卫生和环境构成了重大威胁。对健康的主要影响是癌症和呼吸道症状的发生率更高；其他潜在的影响是先天性异常，荷尔蒙缺陷和性别比例增加。对环境的影响包括全球变暖，酸化，光化学臭氧或烟雾的形成，富营养化以及人类和动物毒性的形式。因此，需要跳到更新的，被广泛接受的，经济的和环境友好的技术。使用高压灭菌器和等离子体热解法焚化生物医学废物可减少环境退化，对健康的影响可忽略不计，对处理过的废物的安全处理，运行和维护成本更低，更有效地减少微生物以及更安全地处置。

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  • 来源
    《Reviews on environmental health》 |2013年第1期|67-72|共6页
  • 作者

    Raman Sharma; Meenakshi Sharma; Ratika Sharma; Vivek Sharma;

  • 作者单位

    Hospital Administration,Government Medical College and Hospital, Room 229, Level Ⅱ Block D, MS Office, Sector 32, Chandigarh 160030, India;

    School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India;

    Department of Sociology, Panjab University,Chandigarh, India;

    Hospital Administration, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    environment; health; impact; incinerator; pollutants;

    机译：环境;健康;影响;焚化炉污染物;

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