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Dynamic properties of interfaces in soft matter: Experiments and theory

机译：软物质界面的动态性质：实验与理论

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The dynamic properties of interfaces often play a crucial role in the macroscopic dynamics ofnmultiphase soft condensed matter systems. These properties affect the dynamics of emulsions, ofndispersions of vesicles, of biological fluids, of coatings, of free surface flows, of immiscible polymernblends, and of many other complex systems. The study of interfacial dynamic properties, surfacenrheology, is therefore a relevant discipline for many branches of physics, chemistry, engineering,nand life sciences. In the past three to four decades a vast amount of literature has been producedndealing with the rheological properties of interfaces stabilized by low molecular weight surfactants,nproteins, (bio)polymers, lipids, colloidal particles, and various mixtures of these surface activencomponents. In this paper recent experiments are reviewed in the field of surface rheology, withnparticular emphasis on the models used to analyze surface rheological data. Most of the modelsncurrently used are straightforward generalizations of models developed for the analysis ofnrheological data of bulk phases. In general the limits on the validity of these generalizations arennot discussed. Not much use is being made of recent advances in nonequilibrium thermodynamicnformalisms for multiphase systems, to construct admissible models for the stress-deformationnbehavior of interfaces. These formalisms are ideally suited to construct thermodynamicallynadmissible constitutive equations for rheological behavior that include the often relevant couplingsnto other fluxes in the interface (heat and mass), and couplings to the transfer of mass from the bulknphase to the interface. In this review recent advances in the application of classical irreversiblenthermodynamics, extended irreversible thermodynamics, rational thermodynamics, extended rationalnthermodynamics, and the general equation for the nonequilibrium reversible-irreversiblencoupling formalism to multiphase systems are also discussed, and shown how these formalisms cannbe used to generate a wide range of thermodynamically admissible constitutive models for thensurface stress tensor. Some of the generalizations currently in use are shown to have only limitednvalidity. The aim of this review is to stimulate new developments in the fields of experimentalnsurface rheology and constitutive modeling of multiphase systems using nonequilibrium thermodynamicnformalisms and to promote a closer integration of these disciplines
机译：界面的动态特性通常在多相软凝聚体系统的宏观动力学中起着至关重要的作用。这些性质影响乳液，囊泡，生物流体，涂层，自由表面流，不混溶的聚合物混合物以及许多其他复杂系统的动力学。因此，界面动力学性质，表面流变学的研究是物理，化学，工程，自然科学的许多分支的相关学科。在过去的三到四十年中，已经产生了大量有关低流变表面活性剂，n蛋白，（生物）聚合物，脂质，胶体颗粒以及这些表面活性成分的各种混合物稳定化的界面的流变特性的文献。本文综述了表面流变学领域的最新实验，特别强调了用于分析表面流变学数据的模型。当前使用的大多数模型是为分析大块相的流变数据而开发的模型的直接概括。通常，不讨论这些概括的有效性限制。对于多相系统的非平衡热力学形式主义的最新进展，很少用于构建界面应力-变形行为的可接受模型。这些形式主义非常适合为流变行为构造热力学上不允许的本构方程，包括与界面中其他通量（热量和质量）的经常相关的耦合，以及与从本体相到界面的质量转移的耦合。在这篇综述中，还讨论了经典不可逆热力学，扩展不可逆热力学，有理热力学，扩展有理热力学以及将非平衡可逆-不可逆耦合形式化的一般方程式应用到多相系统中的最新进展，并展示了如何使用这些形式化来生成方程式。表面应力张量的各种热力学允许本构模型。当前使用的一些概括显示仅具有有限的有效性。这篇综述的目的是激发使用非平衡热力学形式主义的多相系统表面流变学和本构模型领域的新发展，并促进这些学科的紧密结合

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  • 来源
    《REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS》 |2011年第4期|p.1367-1403|共37页
  • 作者

    Leonard M.C. Sagis;

  • 作者单位

    Food Physics Group, Wageningen University,Bomenweg 2, 6703 HD Wageningen, The Netherlands;

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