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Understanding Public Perceptions of Benefits and Risks of Childhood Vaccinations in the United States

机译：了解美国公众对儿童接种疫苗的收益和风险的看法

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In the face of a growing public health concern accompanying the reemerging threat of preventable diseases, this research seeks mainly to explain variations in the perceived benefits and risks of vaccinations among the general public in the United States. As Mary Douglas and Aaron Wildavsky's grid-group cultural theory of risk perception claims, the analytical results based upon original data from a nationwide Internet survey of 1,213 American adults conducted in 2010 suggest that individuals' cultural predispositions contribute to the formation of their perceptions pertaining to vaccine benefits and risks at both societal and individual levels, in conjunction with other factors suggested by previous risk perception literature, such as perceived prevalence of diseases, trust, knowledge level, and demographic characteristics. Those with a strong hierarch orientation tend to envision greater benefits and lesser risks and conceive of a relatively high ratio of benefit to risk when compared to other cultural types. By contrast, those with a strong fatalist tendency are inclined to emphasize risks and downplay benefits while conceiving of a low vaccination benefit-risk ratio. Situated between hierarchs and fatalists, strong egalitarians are prone to perceive greater benefits, smaller risks, and a more positive benefit-risk ratio than strong individualists.
机译：面对日益增长的公共卫生问题，伴随着可预防疾病的再次出现，该研究的主要目的是解释美国公众对疫苗接种的感知到的收益和风险的变化。正如玛丽·道格拉斯（Mary Douglas）和亚伦·维尔达夫斯基（Aaron Wildavsky）的网格群风险感知文化理论所主张的那样，基于2010年对1,213名美国成年人进行的全国互联网调查的原始数据得出的分析结果表明，个人的文化易感性有助于他们形成与疫苗在社会和个人层面上的收益和风险，以及以前的风险认知文献所建议的其他因素，例如疾病的普遍感知程度，信任度，知识水平和人口统计学特征。与其他文化类型相比，那些具有较高等级倾向的人倾向于预见更大的利益和更低的风险，并且认为利益/风险比率相对较高。相反，具有宿命倾向的人倾向于在强调较低的疫苗接种受益风险比的同时，强调风险和低估收益。与强权的个人主义者相比，强权的平等主义者位于等级制和宿命论者之间，倾向于感知更大的利益，更小的风险以及更正的利益风险比。

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