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Responsible Innovation: A Pilot Study with the U.K. Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council

机译：负责任的创新：英国工程与物理科学研究委员会的先导研究

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摘要

Significant time lags between the development of novel innovations (e.g., nanotechnologies), understanding of their wider impacts, and subsequent governance (e.g., regulation) have led to repeated calls for more anticipatory and adaptive approaches that promote the responsible emergence of new technologies in democratic societies. A key challenge is implementation in a pragmatic way. Results are presented of a study with the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, the largest public funder of basic innovation research in the United King-dom who, for the first time, asked applicants to submit a risk register identifying the wider potential impacts and associated risks (environment, health, societal, and ethical) of their pro-posed research. This focused on nanoscience for carbon capture and utilization. Risk registers were completed conservatively, with most identified impacts concerning researchers' health associated with nanoparticle synthesis, handling, and prototype device fabrication, i.e., risks that could be identified and managed with a reasonable level of certainty. Few wider en-vironmental impacts and no future impacts on society were identified, reflecting the often uncertain and unpredictable nature of innovation. However, some applicants addressed this by including investigators with expertise beyond engineering and nanosciences supporting in-tegrated activities that included life cycle and real-time technology assessment, which in some cases were also framed by stakeholder and/or public engagement. Proposals underpinned by a strong commitment to responsible science and innovation promoted continuous reflexivity, embedding a suite of multidisciplinary approaches around the innovation research core to support decisions modulating the trajectory of their innovation research in real-time.
机译：在开发新的创新（例如，纳米技术），理解其更广泛的影响以及随后的治理（例如，法规）之间存在巨大的时间间隔，导致人们反复呼吁采用更多的预期和适应性方法，以促进民主中新技术的负责任出现。社会。一个关键的挑战是以务实的方式实施。向英国最大的基础创新研究公共资助机构工程与物理科学研究委员会提交了一项研究结果，该委员会首次要求申请人提交风险登记册，以识别更广泛的潜在影响及相关影响拟议研究的风险（环境，健康，社会和道德风险）。重点是用于碳捕获和利用的纳米科学。风险登记簿是保守地完成的，对与纳米颗粒合成，处理和原型设备制造相关的研究人员健康的影响，大多数已确定的影响，即可以合理确定的程度确定和管理的风险。几乎没有发现更广泛的环境影响，也没有对社会的未来影响，这反映了创新通常具有不确定性和不可预测性。但是，一些申请人通过包括具有工程和纳米科学以外的专门知识的研究人员来解决此问题，这些研究人员支持包括生命周期和实时技术评估在内的集成活动，在某些情况下，这些活动也是由利益相关者和/或公众参与制定的。对负责任的科学和创新的坚定承诺所支持的提案促进了持续的反思，在创新研究核心周围嵌入了一套多学科方法，以支持实时调整其创新研究轨迹的决策。

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  • 来源
    《Risk analysis》 |2010年第11期|p.1699-1707|共9页
  • 作者

    Richard Owen; Nicola Goldberg;

  • 作者单位

    European Centre for Environment and Human Health, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentristy, Truro, UK,University of Westminster, London, UK,University of Exeter Business School, Streatham Court, Exeter EX4 4ST, UK,European Centre for Environment and Human Health, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentristy, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall TR1 3HD, UK;

    Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, Swindon, UK;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    funding; nanosciences; research; responsible innovation;

    机译：资金;纳米科学;研究;负责任的创新;

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