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Analiza numeryczna zaworu kulowego - charakterystyka przepływowa i kawitacyjna

机译：球阀的数值分析-流动和空化特性

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W artykule zaprezentowano rezultaty obliczeń numeryczną mechaniką płynów (CFD) charakterystyki zaworu kulowego. Porównano rezultaty obliczeń metodami równań domykających k-ε oraz z wykorzystaniem symulacji wielkich wirów LES. Przeprowadzono również analizę numeryczną problemu kawitacji w zaworze kulowym. Uzyskane charakterystyki pokrywają się z danymi eksperymentalnymi. Obliczenia numeryczne CFD mogą mieć zastosowanie w optymalizacji kształtek profilowych oraz redukcji zużycia erozyjnego elementów zaworu.%In the paper there are presented the results of numerical calculations of the ball valve characteristics with use of the computational fluid dynamics. The calculations were carried out with use of the hypothesis of turbulent flows, the k-ε and simulations of large vortexes (DS LES). The flow patterns in and downstream the ball valves with respect to different valve openings are visualized using the computational fluid mechanics Fluent commercial code. The CFD procedure was validated on the basis of the experimental data obtained by other authors. The valve applied in industry is shown in Fig. 1. The numerical grids were prepared in the Gambit preprocessor. Fig. 2 presents the view of the numerical grid for valve in the sample 10, 30, 75° angle closure for the valve whose main dimensions are given in Fig. 3. The calculation results are local physical flow fields inside the valve. For example, the velocity vector fields in the valve crossection are shown in Fig. 4. The CFD calculation results were used for calculating the valve characteristics. They are presented in Fig 5a. The figure shows the measured and calculated values of the flow resistance factor and cavity index compared with the measurement results obtained by other authors. Fig. 5b shows the comparison of the data from literature [13] with the results of numerical calculations using different turbulence models. In that figure there is presented the modelling of the single phase and two phase gas-liquid mixture. The obtained characteristics coincide with the experimental data which allows using that method for optimising the profile shapes when applying the numerical iterative correction. The calculation results for two-phase flows are shown in Fig. 6. In that picture there are presented the cavitation zones for which the volumetric concentration of water vapour is greater than 10%. The results of theoretical predictions were found to be in general agreement with those obtained from calculations within the acceptable level of accuracy.
机译：本文介绍了用于球阀特性的数值流体力学（CFD）计算结果。通过闭合方程式k-ε的方法，并使用LES大涡模拟，比较了计算结果。还对球阀中的气穴问题进行了数值分析。获得的特性与实验数据一致。 CFD数值计算可用于优化型材配件和减少阀门部件的侵蚀性磨损。利用湍流假说，k-ε和大涡旋模拟（DS LES）进行了计算。使用计算流体力学Fluent商业代码可视化球形阀内部和下游相对于不同阀口的流型。 CFD程序已根据其他作者获得的实验数据进行了验证。工业上应用的阀门如图1所示。数字网格是在Gambit预处理器中准备的。图2给出了阀的样品在10、30、75°角封闭中的数值网格视图，其主要尺寸在图3中给出。计算结果是阀内部的局部物理流场。例如，阀截面中的速度矢量场如图4所示。CFD计算结果用于计算阀特性。它们显示在图5a中。该图显示了与其他作者获得的测量结果相比较的流阻系数和空腔指数的测量和计算值。图5b显示了来自文献[13]的数据与使用不同湍流模型的数值计算结果的比较。在该图中显示了单相和两相气液混合物的建模。所获得的特性与实验数据相吻合，该实验数据允许在应用数值迭代校正时使用该方法优化轮廓形状。两相流的计算结果如图6所示。在该图中，显示了水蒸气体积浓度大于10％的气蚀区域。发现理论预测的结果与在可接受的准确度水平内从计算获得的结果基本一致。

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