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Copy Number Variation and Schizophrenia

机译:拷贝数变异和精神分裂症

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摘要

Over the last 12 months, a series of major articles have reported associations with schizophrenia of copy number variants at 1q21, 15q11.2, 15q13.3, 16p11.2, 22q12, and Neurexin 1 loci. These are rare high-penetrant mutations that increase risk not only of schizophrenia but also of a range of other psychiatric disorders including autism and mental retardation. In some cases, the same phenotype can occur irrespective of whether the copy number variant causes a deletion or duplication. Some of these mutations occur at very high rates in human populations, but because of reduced fecundity associated with major psychiatric disorders the overall frequency in the population remains low. These new findings raise fundamental clinical and scientific questions concerning classification of major neuropsychiatric disorders, modes of inheritance, diagnostics, and genetic counseling. Although the loci identified so far account for only a small proportion of cases, many more are likely to be discovered over the next few years. A major focus of research will be to identify the key, the genetic and environmental determinants of schizophrenia risk in carriers of these copy number variants, and to discover whether their rates of mutation are unstable or fixed.
机译:在过去的12个月中,一系列主要文章报道了与1q21、15q11.2、15q13.3、16p11.2、22q12和Neurexin 1基因座拷贝数变异的精神分裂症的关联。这些罕见的高渗透性突变不仅增加了精神分裂症的风险,而且增加了包括自闭症和智力低下在内的其他精神疾病的风险。在某些情况下,无论拷贝数变异导致缺失还是重复,都可能出现相同的表型。其中一些突变在人群中的发生率很高,但是由于与主要精神疾病相关的繁殖力下降,人群的总体发生率仍然很低。这些新发现提出了有关主要神经精神疾病分类,遗传方式,诊断和遗传咨询的基本临床和科学问题。尽管到目前为止确定的基因座仅占一小部分病例,但在未来几年中可能会发现更多的病例。研究的主要重点将是确定这些拷贝数变异携带者中精神分裂症风险的关键,遗传和环境决定因素,并发现其突变率是不稳定的还是固定的。

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  • 来源
    《Schizophrenia Bulletin》 |2009年第1期|p.9-12|共4页
  • 作者

    David St Clair12;

  • 作者单位

    2Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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