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CELEBRATING INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF LIGHT A CSIR-CGCRI INITIATIVE

机译：庆祝国际光年CSIR-CGCRI倡议

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摘要

If human beings are asked about the most essential things for survival of life on Earth the obvious answer will be "Food, Water and Oxygen". However, if we think about this question more deeply then the actual answer should be "LIGHT" instead. It is the light source from the sun which transforms CO_2 and H_2O into carbohydrate and O_2 by the process known as photosynthesis which is the basis for existence of any form of life on Earth. It will not be an exaggeration if we consider 'light' as our first guide from the very first day of our life as it helps us to see the image of ourselves, people around us and our surroundings. The early man did his activities under day light and then used fire, by burning dry leaves and fire wood, for lighting in the night times. The light also helped them protect against wild animals. With the progress of civilisation, wax candles and oil lamps were used and the real breakthrough in lighting took place in 1879 in the form of incandescent light (IL) source developed by Thomas Alva Edison. The passage of electric current resulted in Joule's heating of the tungsten filament in the protecting atmosphere of vacuum tube and the resultant glow was used for lighting. This produced more heat and only a small portion, about 5% of the energy was converted to light.
机译：如果问到人类关于地球生命生存最重要的事情，那么显而易见的答案将是“食物，水和氧气”。但是，如果我们更深入地思考这个问题，那么实际答案应该是“ LIGHT”。它是来自太阳的光源，通过称为光合作用的过程将CO_2和H_2O转化为碳水化合物和O_2，这是地球上任何生命形式的存在的基础。如果我们从生活的第一天起就将“光”作为我们的第一指南，这并不夸张，因为它可以帮助我们看到自己，周围人和周围环境的形象。早期的人在日光下进行活动，然后通过燃烧枯叶和柴火，在夜间进行照明。光线还帮助他们抵御野生动物。随着文明的进步，使用了蜡蜡烛和油灯，真正的照明突破是1879年以托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生（Thomas Alva Edison）开发的白炽灯（IL）光源的形式实现的。电流的通过导致在真空管的保护气氛中焦耳加热钨丝，并且所产生的辉光用于照明。这样会产生更多的热量，并且只有一小部分，约5％的能量转化为光。

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  • 来源
    《Science and Culture》 |2015年第12期|287-289|共3页
  • 作者

    Goutam De; K. Muraleedharan;

  • 作者单位

    CSIR-Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute 196, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata 700032, India;

    CSIR-Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute 196, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata 700032, India;

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