Inorganic nanoparticles (having dimensions lesser than 100 nm) are of great interest as their functionality is governed by quantum confinement effects : a reduction in their dimensions below a critical scale is known to induce exotic properties, othrwise not present in them. For e.g., biomaterials may transform from a bioinert or biocompatable status to a bioactive one, magnetic nanoparticles and specifically magnetite nanoparticles, when reduced to a size of less than that of a single domain transforms from ferromagnetic to superparamagnetic.
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