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Group protection against measles jeopardized

机译：防止麻疹的团体保护受到威胁

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In the first six weeks of 2015, measles struck at least 121 people in 17 states and Washington, D.C. Most people in the United States are protected against the often severe fever and rash by having had one or more doses of the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine. But a small fraction of people either can't get the shot - they are too young or have weak immune systems - or choose not to. The immunity of the crowd usually protects those people: Since most of the population has had measles or been vaccinated, an outbreak is unlikely to spread. But measles is so infectious that the fraction immune needs to be around 90 percent to provide "herd immunity." Seventeen states did not meet that goal in 2013, the most recent year for which data have been compiled. California, the location of most of this year's cases, did meet the federal government's vaccination goal for children, suggesting that pockets of lower rates of vaccination exist.
机译：在2015年的前六周，麻疹袭击了17个州和华盛顿特区的至少121人，美国大多数人受到一剂或多剂麻疹，腮腺炎和风疹的保护，免受经常发烧和出疹的困扰疫苗。但是一小部分人要么无法射击-他们太年轻或免疫系统较弱-要么选择不射击。人群的免疫力通常可以保护这些人：由于大多数人口都患有麻疹或已接种疫苗，因此爆发不太可能蔓延。但是麻疹具有极强的传染性，以至于免疫率需要达到90％左右才能提供“畜群免疫”。 2013年是汇总数据的最近一年，有17个州未达到该目标。今年大部分病例所在的加利福尼亚州确实达到了联邦政府针对儿童的疫苗接种目标，这表明存在着较低的疫苗接种率。

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    《Science news》 |2015年第5期|5-5|共1页
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