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Changing Social Relations between Science and Society: Contemporary Challenges

机译：科学与社会之间不断变化的社会关系：当代挑战

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摘要

Social history of modern science, particularly the way it acquired social legitimacy, clearly depicts the science and society relationships emerging from the time of Galileo. The social institution of science has evolved as one of the most powerful, highly influential and sought out institutions. Knowledge as public good; peer review of science; prominence attached to open publications; and premium placed on professional recognition and scientific autonomy remained the hall mark of science for the last three centuries. Based on this ethos of science, the social institution of science evolved a unique social contract between science and society in the last six decades. As we enter the second decade of twenty-first century, the social institution of science is undergoing a major change. Three societal forces are responsible for the change: (ⅰ) globalisation; (ⅱ) industrial and post-industrial society; and (ⅲ) climate change. What is at stake? Is there a significant change? Is it transforming the very social institution of science? And what implications this has for our contemporary and future society? These are some of the important issues, which will be addressed in this article.
机译：现代科学的社会历史，特别是它获得社会合法性的方式，清楚地描绘了伽利略时代以来出现的科学与社会的关系。社会科学机构已经发展成为最强大，最有影响力和最受追捧的机构之一。知识是公益；对科学的同行评审；公开出版物的突出地位；在过去的三个世纪中，对专业认可和科学自主权的重视仍然是科学的标志。在这种科学精神的基础上，科学社会机构在过去的六十年间在科学与社会之间发展了独特的社会契约。随着我们进入二十一世纪的第二个十年，科学的社会制度正在发生重大变化。三大社会力量负责这一变化：（ⅰ）全球化； （ⅱ）工业和后工业社会； （ⅲ）气候变化。有什么危险？有重大变化吗？它正在改变科学的社会制度吗？这对我们当代和未来社会有什么影响？这些是一些重要的问题，将在本文中解决。

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