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首页> 外文期刊>The Science of the Total Environment >How human activities in commercial areas contribute to phthalate ester pollution in street dust of Taiwan
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How human activities in commercial areas contribute to phthalate ester pollution in street dust of Taiwan

机译：商业区的人类活动如何导致台湾街道粉尘中的邻苯二甲酸酯污染

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Exposure to phthalate esters (PAEs) poses health risks to humans. Much research has been performed evaluating PAE levels in foodstuffs, river sediment and drinking water, but little attention has been paid to their presence in urban outdoor environments where human activities are highly intense. Here we evaluated PAE presence and distribution in street dust in Kaohsiung, the most industrialized city in Taiwan. Our results showed that PAEs were ubiquitous in fifty-two street-dust samples (levels of total PAEs 5.4-989.2 mg kg(-1)). Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate was the most abundant congener observed and made up 85.0%, 79.7%, and 97.2% of the total PAEs found in industrial, residential and commercial areas, respectively. PAE levels in street dust in commercial areas (night markets) were significantly higher, suggesting a higher risk of contamination on people present in these areas (H value chi U-2). In residential and commercial areas, the higher the intensity of human activity, the higher the PAE content observed. PAE content decreased progressively from the center to the outskirts of the Houjing night market, suggesting that the increased human and consumer activities inside this commercial hotspot were the main PAE source in street dust. Children had higher estimated daily intakes (DIs) than adults and dermal absorption contributed more to these levels than oral ingestion. Although all calculated DIs were below referenced danger thresholds, street dust PAEs in the area should remain an environmental concern especially since night markets play an important role in Taiwanese/Asian culture and economy. Contrary to other studies, PAEs in this study were found less related to industrial manufacturing activities but highly linked to commercial activities. These findings are relevant for future pollution prevention efforts dedicated to mitigating public exposure to PAEs. Main findings: PAE levels in street dust are related to commercial activities. Night markets, an important commercial activity in Taiwan, were found to contribute considerably to PAE contamination in street dust. (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.
机译：暴露于邻苯二甲酸酯（PAE）对人类健康构成威胁。已经进行了许多评估食品，河流沉积物和饮用水中PAE含量的研究，但很少有人关注它们在人类活动高度集中的城市室外环境中的存在。在这里，我们评估了台湾工业化程度最高的城市高雄市街道灰尘中PAE的存在和分布。我们的结果表明，五十二种街道粉尘样本中普遍存在PAE（总PAE含量为5.4-989.2 mg kg（-1））。邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯是最丰富的同类物，分别占在工业，住宅和商业区发现的全部PAE的85.0％，79.7％和97.2％。商业区（夜市）街道灰尘中的PAE含量显着较高，表明这些地区的居民受到污染的风险更高（H值> chi U-2）。在住宅区和商业区，人类活动强度越高，观察到的PAE含量越高。从后京夜市的中心到郊区，PAE含量逐渐降低，这表明该商业热点内人类活动和消费者活动的增加是街道粉尘中PAE的主要来源。儿童的每日估计摄入量（DIs）比成人高，而皮肤吸收比口服摄入对这些水平的贡献更大。尽管所有计算出的DI均低于参考的危险阈值，但该地区的街道灰尘PAE仍应引起环境方面的关注，尤其是因为夜市在台湾/亚洲文化和经济中起着重要作用。与其他研究相反，本研究中的PAE与工业制造活动的相关性较小，但与商业活动的相关性较高。这些发现与致力于减少公众对PAE暴露的未来污染预防工作有关。主要发现：街道粉尘中的PAE水平与商业活动有关。夜市是台湾重要的商业活动，被发现对街道灰尘中的PAE污染有很大贡献。 （C）2018由Elsevier B.V.发布

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