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Planning forest restoration within private land holdings with conservation co-benefits at the landscape scale

机译：规划私人土地上的森林恢复，并在景观尺度上实现保护性的共同利益

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摘要

Forest loss is mainly due to the conversion of forest to agriculture, mostly in private lands. Forest restoration is a global priority, yet restoration targets are ambitious and budget-limited. Therefore, assessing the outcome of alternative decisions on land-use within private lands is paramount to perform cost-effective restoration. We present a novel framework that incorporates spatial planning for forest restoration within private lands with conservation co-benefits at the landscape scale. As a case study, we used three real landscapes of 10.000 ha with differing amounts of forest cover in the Atlantic Forest region of Brazil, and three hypothetical animal species with different dispersal abilities. We estimated the total amount of forest that landholders must restore to comply with the Native Vegetation Protection Law, which requires landholders to reforest 20% of their land within a 20-year time frame. We compared the cost-effectiveness of five restoration strategies based on the improvement in habitat availability and restoration costs. The most cost-effective strategy depends on a landscape's initial amount of forest cover and the species of concern. We revealed that spatial planning for restoration in private lands increased habitat availability up to 12 times more than random restoration, which was always the least cost-effective strategy. Cost-effective large-scale restoration in Brazil depends on public policies that assist landholders to comply with the law and on prioritizing areas for restoration within private lands. We show that by adding habitat availability as target in spatial prioritization, benefits for biodiversity can be hastened at low additional cost, even in real world scenarios with severe spatial constraints. Despite constraints, spatially planned restoration for law compliance in Brazil increased landscape permeability by creating corridors and stepping stones. Our framework should be used to plan restoration in Brazilian private lands and can be customized for other regions worldwide.
机译：森林损失主要是由于森林转为农业，主要是在私有土地上。森林恢复是全球优先事项，但恢复目标雄心勃勃且预算有限。因此，评估私人土地上土地使用的替代决定的结果对于进行具有成本效益的恢复至关重要。我们提出了一个新颖的框架，该框架结合了在私有土地上进行森林恢复的空间规划以及在景观尺度上的保护性共同效益。作为案例研究，我们在巴西的大西洋森林地区使用了三个面积为10.000公顷的真实景观和不同的森林覆盖率，以及三个具有不同分散能力的假想动物物种。我们估计了土地所有者必须遵守《原生植被保护法》而必须恢复的森林总量，该法律要求土地所有者在20年内重新造林20％的土地。我们根据栖息地可利用性和恢复成本的提高，比较了五种恢复策略的成本效益。最具成本效益的策略取决于景观的原始森林覆盖量和相关物种。我们发现，对私有土地进行恢复的空间规划使栖息地的可利用性比随机恢复提高了12倍，这始终是成本效益最低的策略。在巴西，具有成本效益的大规模恢复工作取决于能够帮助土地所有者遵守法律的公共政策，并取决于优先考虑在私有土地上进行恢复的区域。我们表明，通过将栖息地的可利用性作为空间优先次序的目标，即使在现实世界中存在严重的空间限制的情况下，也可以以较低的额外成本加快生物多样性的收益。尽管存在限制，但在巴西为遵守法律而进行的空间规划恢复工作却通过创建走廊和垫脚石提高了景观渗透性。我们的框架应用于计划巴西私人土地的恢复，并可以针对全球其他地区进行定制。

著录项

  • 来源
    《The Science of the Total Environment》 |2020年第may15期|135262.1-135262.10|共10页
  • 作者

    Julia Niemeyer; Felipe S.M. Barros; Daniel S. Silva; Renato Crouzeilles; Mariana M. Vale;

  • 作者单位

    Graduate Program in Ecology (PPGE) Biology Institute. Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Centro de Ciencias da Saude (CCS) - Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373 Rio de Janeiro - RJ. 21941-902. Brazil;

    International Institute for Sustainability (US). Estrada Dona Castorina 124. Rio de Janeiro - RJ 22460-320 Brazil Centro de Referenda en Tecnologias de la Information para la Gestion con Software Libre (CeRTIG+SoL) Universidad National de Misiones (UNaM) 3300 Ruta 12 Km. 7y 1/2 - Miguel Lands Posadas Misiones Argentina Departamento de Geografia Instituto Superior Antonio Ruiz de Montoya 3300. Ayacucho 1962. Posadas. Misiones. Argentina;

    Department of Geography & the Environment University of Texas Austin TX 78705 USA;

    International Institute for Sustainability (US). Estrada Dona Castorina 124. Rio de Janeiro - RJ 22460-320 Brazil Rio Conservation and Sustainability Science Centre Department of Geography and the Environment Pontificia Universidade Catdlica Rio de Janeiro -RJ 22453-900 Brazil Department of Ecology. Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). CP. 68020. Rio de Janeiro - RJ. 21941-902. Brazil;

    Department of Ecology. Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). CP. 68020. Rio de Janeiro - RJ. 21941-902. Brazil International Global Change Laboratory (LINCGlobal) Instituto de Recursos Naturales. CCMA CSIC Serrano 115 E-28006 Madrid Spain;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Brazilian Atlantic Forest; Cost-effectiveness; Decision-making; Habitat availability; Native Vegetation Protection Law; Spatial prioritization;

    机译：巴西大西洋森林;成本效益;做决定;生境可用性;原生植被保护法;空间优先级;

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