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首页> 外文期刊>The Science of the Total Environment >Associations of acute exposure to fine and coarse particulate matter and mortality among older people in Tokyo, Japan
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Associations of acute exposure to fine and coarse particulate matter and mortality among older people in Tokyo, Japan

机译：日本东京老年人急性接触细颗粒和粗颗粒物与死亡率的关联

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Recent studies have reported adverse health effects of short-term exposure to coarse particles independent of particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM_(2.5)), but evidence in Asian countries is limited. We therefore evaluated associations between short-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) and mortality among older people in Tokyo, Japan. We used a time-stratified, case-crossover design. Study participants included 664,509 older people (＞65 years old) in the 23 urbanized wards of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government, who died between January 2002 and December 2013. We obtained PM_(2.5) and suspended particulate matter (SPM; PM ＜ 7 μm in diameter) from one general monitoring station. We calculated PM7.2.5 by subtracting PM_(2.5) from SPM to account for coarse particles. We then used conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95 confidence intervals (as). Same-day PM_(2.5) and PM7-2.5 were independently associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality related to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases; for example, both pollutants were positively associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality even after simultaneous adjustment for each pollutant: OR of 1.006 (95% Cl: 1.003,1.009) for PM_(2.5) and 1.016 (95% Cl: 1.011,1.022) for PM_(7-2.5). Even below concentrations stipulated by the Japanese air quality guidelines for PM_(2.5) and SPM (PM_7), we observed adverse health effects. This study provides further evidence that acute exposure to PM_(2.5) and coarse particles is associated with increased risk of mortality among older people. Rigorous evaluation of air quality guidelines for daily average PM_(2.5) and larger particles should be continued.
机译：最近的研究报告了短期接触与直径小于2.5μm的颗粒物无关的粗颗粒对健康的不利影响（PM_（2.5）），但亚洲国家的证据有限。因此，我们评估了日本东京的老年人短期接触颗粒物（PM）与死亡率之间的关联。我们使用了时间分层的案例交叉设计。研究参与者包括东京都政府的23个城市化病房中的664509名老年人（＞ 65岁），他们于2002年1月至2013年12月死亡。我们获得了PM_（2.5）和悬浮颗粒物（SPM； PM ＜7μm）。直径）从一个通用监视站。我们通过从SPM中减去PM_（2.5）来计算PM7.2.5，以解决粗颗粒问题。然后，我们使用条件逻辑回归来估计比值比（OR）和95个置信区间（as）。当天PM_（2.5）和PM7-2.5分别与与心血管和呼吸系统疾病相关的全因和特定原因死亡率相关；例如，即使同时调整每种污染物，两种污染物也与全因死亡率增加呈正相关：PM_（2.5）的OR为1.006（95％Cl：1.003,1.009）或1.016（95％Cl：1.011）， PM_（7-2.5）为1.022）。即使低于日本空气质量准则中规定的PM_（2.5）和SPM（PM_7）规定的浓度，我们也观察到不利的健康影响。这项研究提供了进一步的证据，表明急性暴露于PM_（2.5）和粗颗粒与老年人死亡风险增加相关。应当继续严格评估每日平均PM_（2.5）和较大颗粒的空气质量准则。

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