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An assessment of the risk to surface water ecosystems of groundwater P in the UK and Ireland

机译：在英国和爱尔兰评估地下水P对地表水生态系统的风险

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摘要

A good quantitative understanding of phosphorus (P) delivery is essential in the design of management strategies to prevent eutrophication of terrestrial freshwaters. Most research to date has focussed on surface and near-surface hydrological pathways, under the common assumption that little P leaches to groundwater. Here we present an analysis of national patterns of groundwater phosphate concentrations in England and Wales, Scotland, and the Republic of Ireland, which shows that many groundwater bodies have median P concentrations above ecologically significant thresholds for freshwaters. The potential risk to receptor ecosystems of high observed groundwater P concentrations will depend on (1) whether the observed groundwater P concentrations are above the natural background; (2) the influence of local hydrogeological settings (pathways) on the likelihood of significant P transfers to the receptor; (3) the sensitivity of the receptor to P; and, (4) the relative magnitude of P transfers from groundwater compared to other P sources. Our research suggests that, although there is often a high degree of uncertainty in many of these factors, groundwater has the potential to trigger and/or maintain eutrophication under certain scenarios: the assumption of groundwater contribution to river flows as a ubiquitous source of dilution for P-rich surface runoff must therefore be questioned. Given the regulatory importance of P concentrations in triggering ecological quality thresholds, there is an urgent need for detailed monitoring and research to characterise the extent and magnitude of different groundwater P sources, the likelihood for P transformation and/or storage along aquifer-hyporheic zone flow paths and to identify the subsequent risk to receptor ecosystems.
机译：在设计防止陆生淡水富营养化的管理策略时，必须对磷（P）的输送有一个很好的定量了解。迄今为止，大多数研究都集中在地表和近地表水文路径上，这是在通常的假设下，很少有P会渗入地下水。在这里，我们对英格兰和威尔士，苏格兰和爱尔兰共和国的地下水磷酸盐浓度的国家模式进行了分析，结果表明，许多地下水体的磷中位数浓度均高于淡水的生态学重要阈值。高观测到的地下水P浓度对受体生态系统的潜在风险将取决于（1）观测到的地下水P浓度是否高于自然本底； （2）局部水文地质环境（途径）对磷大量转移到受体的可能性的影响； （3）受体对P的敏感性； （4）与其他磷源相比，地下水中磷的相对迁移量。我们的研究表明，尽管在许多因素中通常存在高度不确定性，但在某些情况下，地下水有可能引发和/或保持富营养化：假设地下水对河水的贡献是稀释的普遍来源。因此必须质疑富P的地表径流。鉴于磷浓度在触发生态质量阈值方面的监管重要性，迫切需要进行详细的监测和研究，以表征不同地下水磷源的范围和大小，沿含水层-地下水带流动的磷转化和/或储存的可能性路径并确定对受体生态系统的后续风险。

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  • 来源
    《Science of the total environment》 |2010年第8期|p.1847-1857|共11页
  • 作者

    I.P. Holman; N.J.K. Howden; P. Bellamy; N. Willby; M.J. Whelan; M. Rivas-Casado;

  • 作者单位

    Natural Resources Department, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedford, MK43 0AL UK Building 53, Natural Resources Department, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedford Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK;

    Natural Resources Department, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedford, MK43 0AL UK;

    Natural Resources Department, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedford, MK43 OAL UK;

    School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK;

    rnNatural Resources Department, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedford, MK43 0AL UK;

    Natural Resources Department, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedford, MK43 0AL UK;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    leaching; eutrophication; baseflow; orthophosphate; phosphorus;

    机译：浸出富营养化基流正磷酸盐;磷;

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