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首页> 外文期刊>Science of the total environment >Do High Levels Of Diffuse And Chronic Metal Pollutionrnin Sediments Of Rhine And Meuse Floodplains Affect Structurernand Functioning Of Terrestrial Ecosystems?
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Do High Levels Of Diffuse And Chronic Metal Pollutionrnin Sediments Of Rhine And Meuse Floodplains Affect Structurernand Functioning Of Terrestrial Ecosystems?

机译：莱茵河和缪斯洪泛区的沉积物中的高水平扩散和慢性金属污染会影响陆地生态系统的结构和功能吗？

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This paper (re)considers the question if chronic and diffuse heavy metal pollution (cadmium, copper, lead and zinc) affects the structure and functioning of terrestrial ecosystems of Biesbosch National Park, the floodplain area of rivers Meuse and Rhine. To reach this aim, we integrated the results of three projects on: 1. the origin, transfer and effects of heavy metals in a soil-plant-snail food chain; 2. the impact of bioavailability on effects of heavy metals on the structure and functioning of detritivorous communities; 3. the risk assessment of heavy metals for an herbivorous and a carnivorous small mammal food chain. Metal pollution levels of the Biesbosch floodplain soils are high. The bioavailability of metals in the soils is low, causing low metal levels in plant leaves. Despite this, metal concentrations in soil dwelling detritivores and in land snails at polluted locations are elevated in comparison to animals from 'non-polluted' reference sites. However, no adverse effects on ecosystem structure (species richness, density, biomass) and functioning (litter decomposition, leaf consumption, reproduction) have been found. Sediment metal pollution may pose a risk to the carnivorous small mammal food chain, in which earthworms with elevated metal concentrations are eaten by the common shrew. Additional measurements near an active metal smelter, however, show reduced leaf consumption rates and reduced reproduction by terrestrial snails, reflecting elevated metal bioavailability at this site. Since future management may also comprise reintroduction of tidal action in the Biesbosch area, changes in metal bioavailability, and as a consequence future ecosystem effects, cannot be excluded.
机译：本文（重新）考虑了慢性和弥散性重金属污染（镉，铜，铅和锌）是否会影响比斯博斯国家公园，默兹河和莱茵河泛滥区的陆地生态系统的结构和功能。为了实现这一目标，我们整合了以下三个项目的结果：1.土壤-植物-蜗牛食物链中重金属的来源，转移和影响； 2.生物利用度对重金属对有害社区的结构和功能的影响； 3.食草和肉食性小型哺乳动物食物链中重金属的风险评估。比斯博斯河漫滩土壤的金属污染水平很高。金属在土壤中的生物利用度较低，导致植物叶片中的金属含量较低。尽管如此，与来自“无污染”参考点的动物相比，土壤中的有害微生物和蜗牛在污染位置的金属浓度仍升高。但是，尚未发现对生态系统结构（物种丰富度，密度，生物量）和功能（凋落物分解，叶片消耗，繁殖）的不利影响。沉积物金属污染可能对食肉的小型哺乳动物食物链构成威胁，在该食物链中，普通sh会吞噬金属浓度较高的earth。然而，在活性金属冶炼厂附近进行的其他测量表明，叶片消耗率降低，陆地蜗牛繁殖降低，这反映了该地点金属生物利用度提高。由于未来的管理可能还包括在比斯博斯地区重新引入潮汐作用，因此不能排除金属生物利用度的变化，因此不能排除未来的生态系统影响。

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