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Determining Position and Orientation of a 3-Wheel Robot on a Pipe Using an Accelerometer

机译:使用加速度计确定3轮机器人的位置和方向

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摘要

Accurate positioning of robots on pipes is a challenge in automated industrial inspection. It is typically achieved using expensive and cumbersome external measurement equipment. This paper presents an Inverse Model method for determining the orientation angle (alpha) and circumferential position angle (omega) of a 3 point of contact robot on a pipe where measurements are taken from a 3-axis accelerometer sensor. The advantage of this system is that it provides absolute positional measurements using only a robot mounted sensor. Two methods are presented which follow an analytical approximation to correct the estimated values. First, a correction factor found though a parametric study between the robot geometry and a given pipe radius, followed by an optimization solution which calculates the desired angles based on the system configuration, robot geometry and the output of a 3-axis accelerometer. The method is experimentally validated using photogrammetry measurements from a Vicon T160 positioning system to record the position of a three point of contact test rig in relation to a test pipe in a global reference frame. An accelerometer is attached to the 3 point of contact test rig which is placed at different orientation (alpha) and circumferential position (omega) angles. This work uses a new method of processing data from an accelerometer sensor to obtain the alpha and omega angles. The experimental results show a maximum error of 3.40 degrees in alpha and 4.17 degrees in omega, where the omega circumferential positional error corresponds to +/- 18mm for the test pipe radius of 253mm.
机译:准确定位机器人对管道的定位是自动化工业检验中的挑战。通常使用昂贵和繁琐的外部测量设备实现。本文介绍了用于在管道上确定3点接触机器人的方向角(α)和周向位置角(ω)的反向模型方法,其中从3轴加速度计传感器取出测量。该系统的优点是它仅提供绝对的位置测量,仅使用机器人安装的传感器。提出了两种方法,其遵循分析近似以校正估计值。首先,在机器人几何形状和给定​​管道半径之间进行参数学研究,然后是基于系统配置,机器人几何形状和3轴加速度计的输出来计算所需角度的优化解决方案的校正因子。使用来自Vicon T160定位系统的摄影测量测量进行实验验证的方法,以在全球参考帧中的测试管道上记录三点接触试验台的位置。加速度计附接到接触试验台的3点,该接触试验台被放置在不同的取向(α)和圆周位置(ω)角度。这项工作采用了一种从加速度计传感器处理数据的新方法,以获得alpha和ω角。实验结果显示了ω和4.17度的最大误差为3.40度,在ω圆周位置误差对应于253mm的试验管半径+/- 18mm。

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