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Early Motherhood, High Mortality, and HIV/AIDS Rates in Sub-Saharan Africa

机译:撒哈拉以南非洲的早期孕产,高死亡率和艾滋病毒/艾滋病发病率

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Despite billions of dollars devoted to HIV/AIDS prevention since 1990, rates of infection continue to climb worldwide, primarily through heterosexual contact, and Sub-Saharan Africa is the worst case scenario (UNAIDS, 2004). Traditional intervention programs based on the ABCs (abstinence, being faithful, and condom use) of safe sex practices have shown mixed success. Engaging in risky sexual behavior (behaviors not adhering to the ABCs of safe sex practices) continues to escalate the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Although research abounds with correlates to HIV/AIDS rates, few studies have addressed the basis of sexual behavior. Here we show that not only are HIV/AIDS rates significantly higher in Sub-Saharan Africa than in the rest of the world but also infant mortality rates and teenage birth rates are higher as well. Based on these findings, we argue that engaging in risky sexual behavior, in many circumstances associated with deplorable living conditions and high mortality, is the only viable option for avoiding reproductive failure: dying without leaving surviving descendents. We suggest that initiatives that improve overall health and living conditions in the at-risk populations are necessary before traditional intervention programs can effectively combat the spread of HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa.
机译:尽管自1990年以来投入了数十亿美元用于艾滋病毒/艾滋病的预防,但全世界的感染率仍在继续攀升,主要是通过异性恋接触,而撒哈拉以南非洲是最糟糕的情况(联合国艾滋病规划署,2004年)。基于安全性行为的基本知识(节制,忠实和使用避孕套)的传统干预计划显示出喜忧参半。从事危险的性行为(行为不遵守安全性行为的基本原则)继续加剧艾滋病毒/艾滋病的流行。尽管有关艾滋病毒/艾滋病发病率的研究很多,但很少有研究探讨性行为的基础。在这里,我们表明,不仅撒哈拉以南非洲的艾滋病毒/艾滋病发病率比世界其他地方显着高,而且婴儿死亡率和少女出生率也更高。基于这些发现,我们认为,在许多与恶劣的生活条件和高死亡率相关的情况下,进行危险的性行为是避免生殖衰竭的唯一可行选择:死亡而不留下后代。我们建议,在传统的干预计划可以有效地抵抗艾滋病毒/艾滋病在撒哈拉以南非洲的蔓延之前,有必要采取措施改善高危人群的整体健康和生活条件。

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