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首页> 外文期刊>Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering >Evaluating 2D numerical simulations of granular columns in level and gently sloping liquefiable sites using centrifuge experiments
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Evaluating 2D numerical simulations of granular columns in level and gently sloping liquefiable sites using centrifuge experiments

机译：使用离心机实验评估水平和缓慢倾斜的液化颗粒柱的二维数值模拟

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摘要

The response of a layered liquefiable soil profile, with granular columns as a mitigation strategy, was evaluated via numerical and centrifuge modeling. Comparisons were made for a level site containing a single granular column and for a pair of gentle slopes, one of which was mitigated with a network of dense granular columns. The results reveal the abilities and limitations of two state-of-the-art soil constitutive models. All simulations were performed in 2-dimensions using: 1) the pressure-dependent, multi-yield-surface, plasticity-based soil constitutive model (PDMY02); and 2) the bounding surface, plasticity-based, Manzari-Dafalias (M-D) soil constitutive model, both implemented in OpenSees. Numerical model parameters were previously calibrated via element testing. Both constitutive models under-predicted PGA near the surface at different distances from the granular column, but they better predicted spectral accelerations at periods exceeding 0.5 s (particularly M-D). The M-D model generally predicted seismic settlements well, while PDMY02 notably underestimated soil's volumetric compressibility and strains. Both models accurately predicted the peak value and generation of excess pore pressures during shaking for the unmitigated slope, leading to a successful prediction of lateral deformations. However, lateral movement of the treated slope was poorly predicted by both models due to inaccuracies in predicting the dissipation rate in the presence of drains. Both models came close to predicting the performance of gently sloping, liquefiable sites when untreated. But further advances are required to better predict the rate of excess pore pressure dissipation and seismic performance when the slope is treated with granular columns.
机译：通过数值模型和离心模型评估了层状可液化土壤剖面的响应，其中使用颗粒柱作为缓解策略。对包含单个颗粒柱的水平站点和一对平缓的坡度进行了比较，其中一个缓坡通过密集的颗粒柱网络得以缓解。结果揭示了两种最新的土壤本构模型的能力和局限性。所有模拟均使用以下两个维度进行：1）基于压力的，多屈服面，基于塑性的土壤本构模型（PDMY02）； 2）基于可塑性的边界面Manzari-Dafalias（M-D）土壤本构模型，均在OpenSees中实现。数值模型参数先前已通过元素测试进行了校准。两种本构模型都低估了距颗粒柱不同距离的表面附近的PGA，但它们更好地预测了超过0.5 s（尤其是M-D）时的光谱加速度。 M-D模型通常很好地预测了地震沉降，而PDMY02明显低估了土壤的体积可压缩性和应变。两种模型均能准确预测未缓坡的振动过程中的峰值和过大孔隙压力的产生，从而成功预测了横向变形。然而，由于在存在排水管的情况下预测耗散率的准确性不高，因此两个模型都无法很好地预测已处理斜坡的横向运动。两种模型都几乎可以预测未经处理的轻度倾斜，可液化部位的性能。但是，当用粒状柱处理边坡时，还需要进一步的进展来更好地预测过大孔隙压力消散的速率和抗震性能。

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