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Evaluation of the effects of shaking history on liquefaction and cone penetration resistance using shake table tests

机译：使用振动台试验评估振动历史对液化和抗锥孔性的影响

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This paper presents a study of the effects of shaking history on liquefaction and cone penetration resistance of a clean sand by using 1-g shake table and piezo-cone penetration test (CPTu). A uniform liquefiable clean sand specimen was air-pluviated and saturated in a large laminar shear box. The sand specimen was subjected to four shaking events. Piezometers were embedded at different depths to measure the excess pore pressures during and after each event. A series of CPTu tests were conducted on the sand specimen across different shaking events to investigate the effect of shaking history on cone penetration resistance. The main findings of the paper are: 1) the relative density (D-I) increased as a result of prior shaking events; increase of liquefaction resistance was observed from Event #1 to Event #4-1, as a result of densification; 2) input motion with an acceleration amplitude of 0.4 g and 25 cycles induced dilatancy of very dense sand specimen and reduced the liquefaction resistance in subsequent shaking events; a mild shaking event with an acceleration amplitude of 0.1 g and 14 cycles was able to erase the disturbance caused by strong shaking, recompact the sand and increase the liquefaction resistance; 3) the post-shaking pore pressures increased with time after shaking had ended; the magnitude of increase was related to D-I and pore pressure ratio at the end of shaking; 4) liquefaction significantly disturbed the existing soil structure and thus reduced the cone resistance immediately after the shaking; both shaking disturbance and sand densification affected the cone resistance variation before and after shaking.
机译：本文通过使用1-g振动台和压电锥渗透试验（CPTu），研究了振动历史对清洁砂的抗液化性和抗圆锥渗透性的影响。将均匀的可液化的清洁砂试样空气稀释并在大型层流剪切箱中饱和。砂试样经受了四个振动事件。将测压计嵌入不同深度，以测量每次事件期间和之后的过大孔隙压力。在不同的振动事件中对砂试样进行了一系列的CPTu测试，以研究振动历史对锥体抗穿透性的影响。论文的主要发现是：1）相对密度（D-I）由于先前的振动事件而增加;由于致密化，从事件＃1到事件＃4-1观察到了液化阻力的增加; 2）加速度振幅为0.4 g的输入运动和25个循环会引起非常致密的砂试样的膨胀，并在随后的振动事件中降低了液化阻力;加速度幅度为0.1 g并经过14个循环的轻微摇晃事件能够消除由于强烈摇晃引起的干扰，重新压实沙土并提高抗液化性; 3）摇晃结束后，摇晃后的孔隙压力随时间增加;增加的幅度与振动结束时的D-I和孔隙压力比有关。 4）液化显着干扰了现有的土壤结构，从而降低了振摇后的锥阻力;振动扰动和沙子致密化都会影响振动前后锥体阻力的变化。

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