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首页> 外文期刊>Soil Science Society of America Journal >Organoclay-Based Formulations to Reduce the Environmental Impact of the Herbicide Diuron in Olive Groves
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Organoclay-Based Formulations to Reduce the Environmental Impact of the Herbicide Diuron in Olive Groves

机译：基于有机粘土的配方可减少Olive Groves中除草剂Diuron对环境的影响

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Ground and surface water contamination caused by undesirable transport losses of herbicides commonly applied to olive (Olea Europaea) groves in Spain and other Mediterranean countries is demanding strategies to reduce the environmental impact of such herbicides. In this work, organoclay-based formulations of a herbicide widely applied to olive groves, diuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl urea], were prepared by preadsorbing the herbicide on three organoclays. Then, the ability of the organoclay-based formulations to reduce the herbicide release rate and leaching potential in two soils as compared to a standard commercial formulation of the herbicide was assessed. The organoclays were obtained by treating Wyoming montmorillonite (SWy-2) and Arizona montmorillonite (SAz-1) with an amount of spermine (SPERM) or hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA) cations equal to 100% of the cation exchange capacity of the montmorillonites. Batch release and column leaching tests indicated that the organoclay-based formulations of diuron made the release of the herbicide slower and reduced its leaching potential in soils, as compared with a standard commercial formulation containing the herbicide in a readily available form. Soil incubation experiments revealed that the persistence of the herbicide applied to soil as organoclay-based formulations was only slightly prolonged compared with the herbicide applied in a readily available form, and that most herbicide in the formulations was ultimately available for degradation. The use of organoclay-based formulations is proposed as a strategy to reduce extensive transport losses associated with the application of diuron in high-risk scenarios, such as Mediterranean olive groves.
机译：要求对西班牙和其他地中海国家 普遍用于橄榄树（Olea Europaea）的除草剂的不期望的 运输损失造成的地下水和地表水污染的需求减少 除草剂对环境的影响的策略。在这项工作中，基于有机粘土的除草剂配方 广泛应用于橄榄树，双嘧磺隆[3-（3,4-二氯苯基）-1,1-二甲基 脲）通过将除草剂预吸附在三种 有机粘土上制备。然后，与标准商业配方 相比，有机粘土基配方 降低两种土壤中除草剂释放速率和浸出潜力的能力。评估了除草剂的用量。通过用一定量的精胺（SPERM）或十六烷基三甲基铵处理怀俄明州蒙脱石（SWy-2）和亚利桑那州蒙脱石（sup> （SAz-1）来获得有机粘土。 sup>（HDTMA）阳离子等于蒙脱石的阳离子交换容量的100％。间歇释放和柱浸试验 表明，基于有机粘土的敌草隆配方使 的除草剂释放变慢，并降低了土壤中的浸出 势。 ，与含有易于获得的除草剂的标准商业配方 相比。土壤温育 实验表明，与有机肥中施用的除草剂相比， 作为基于有机粘土的制剂对土壤的持久性仅略微延长了 。 ，并且制剂中的大多数除草剂最终都是 可用于降解。 被提议作为减少有机物运输损失的一种策略， 与在高风险情况下应用敌草隆有关， 例如地中海橄榄树林。

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  • 来源
    《Soil Science Society of America Journal》 |2009年第5期|1652-1657|共6页
  • 作者

    C. Trigo; R. Celis; M. C. Hermosín; J. Cornejo;

  • 作者单位

    Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Avenida Reina Mercedes 10, P.O. Box 1052, 41080 Sevilla, Spain;

    Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Avenida Reina Mercedes 10, P.O. Box 1052, 41080 Sevilla, Spain;

    Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Avenida Reina Mercedes 10, P.O. Box 1052, 41080 Sevilla, Spain;

    Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Avenida Reina Mercedes 10, P.O. Box 1052, 41080 Sevilla, Spain;

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