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Estimating the Influence of Nitrogen Transformations on Nitrate Leaching in Soils

机译：估算氮转化对土壤硝态氮淋溶的影响

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摘要

It is challenging to estimate N leaching in soils attributable to complicated physical, chemical, and biological processes. In this study, a transfer function model was developed to simulate the outflow concentration of NO3 in the field, considering the influence of transient water flow, input of applied N, initial residual N in the soil, and main N transformations on the NO3–N leaching process. The N transformations in the model included immobilization, mineralization, volatilization, and plant uptake. In the probability density function of NO3–N, a weighting factor was introduced to quantify the leaching contributions from applied and residual N. A field experiment was conducted for 196 d during the growing seasons of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and summer maize (Zea mays L.). Soil water potential and NO3 concentrations were measured during the study period along two soil profiles to a depth of 2 m: at 0.10-m intervals from the soil surface to the 1-m depth, and at 0.20-m intervals from 1 to 2 m. A comparison between the experimental data and simulated results with the transfer function showed that the model provided reasonable predictions of the N leaching process as well as the total amount leached at the 2-m depth. Results also indicated that by considering the transient water condition and N transformations, the transfer function significantly increased the estimation accuracy. Compared with the measured data, relative errors of the estimated total N leached were 1 and 20% with and without considering the transient water condition and the N transformations, respectively. The transfer function with the weighting factor can be useful to estimate the contributions from the applied and residual N to the leaching process in the field.
机译：估算由于复杂的物理，化学和生物过程而导致的土壤中氮的淋溶具有挑战性。 在本研究中，开发了一个传递函数模型来模拟 < / sup>田间NO 3 的流出浓度，考虑瞬时水流量的 影响，施加的N的输入，初始 残余N在土壤中，NO 3 –N 浸出过程中主要的氮转化。模型中的N转换包括 固定化，矿化，挥发和植物吸收。 在NO 3 –N的概率密度函数中，引入权重 因子来量化施氮和残留氮的浸出贡献。在冬季生长季节进行了196 d的田间试验。小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）和夏玉米（Zea mays L.）。在研究期 中沿着两个土壤剖面测量深度为2 m的土壤水势 和NO 3 的浓度：间隔为0.10-m从土壤表面 到1-m深度，并且以0.20-m的间隔 从1到2 m。对实验数据和 结果与传递函数的比较表明， 模型为N淋溶过程 以及其他方法提供了合理的预测。在2米深处浸出的总量。结果 还表明，通过考虑瞬态水条件 和N变换，传递函数显着提高了 的估计精度。与实测数据相比，在不考虑瞬态水条件和 的情况下，估计的总N浸出的相对 误差分别为1％和20％。分别进行N个转换。具有 权重因子的传递函数对于估计 字段中施加的和残留的N对浸出过程的贡献 很有用。 sup>

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  • 来源
    《Soil Science Society of America Journal》 |2007年第5期|1460-1468|共9页
  • 作者

    Li Ren; Junhua Ma; Renduo Zhang;

  • 作者单位

    Dep. of Soil and Water Sciences, China Agricultural Univ., Key Lab. of Plant–Soil Interactions, MOE, Beijing 100094, P.R. China,State Key Lab. of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan Univ., Wuhan 430072, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen Univ., Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China;

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