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首页> 外文期刊>Soil Science Society of America Journal >Water Erosion Estimation in Topographically Complex Landscapes: Model Description and First Verifications
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Water Erosion Estimation in Topographically Complex Landscapes: Model Description and First Verifications

机译：地形复杂景观的水蚀估算：模型描述和首次验证

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Two of the most important limitations when predicting soil movement are the natural complexity and the spatial heterogeneity of the processes. Soil erosion can vary significantly across short distances as a function of local soil properties and microtopography; but regardless of this, many erosion models assume homogeneity in topography and soil characteristics. The objective of this research was to develop a method for estimating soil loss from agricultural fields that is faithful to the complex topography and spatial heterogeneity common to managed landscapes. Sediment loss for individual storms was achieved by linking soil detachment–deposition equations adapted from the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model to the existing water-flow subroutine in the Precision Agricultural-Landscape Modeling System (PALMS). In PALMS, sediment was routed appropriately in a two-dimensional grid, defining the pathways taken by the eroded material. Usually PALMS works on a grid-cell size of 5 to 20 m and simulates runoff and soil erosion patterns as affected by slope, soil texture, anisotropic surface roughness, soil consolidation, canopy cover, and tillage interactions with topography. In this study, PALMS and WEPP were used to simulate the sediment transport on an idealized field with a complex hillslope profile. Both models showed a consistent soil loss pattern and only minor differences in transport capacities. The models were also compared with data from actual erosion plots, where both runoff and soil loss were predicted with similar errors for both PALMS and WEPP. To illustrate the capability of PALMS, it was applied to a field with complex topography.
机译：预测土壤运动 时最重要的两个限制是 过程的自然复杂性和空间异质性。土壤侵蚀在短距 上随局部土壤特性和微观地形的变化而显着变化； 但不管怎样，许多侵蚀模型都假定土壤中的均质性 地形和土壤特征。这项研究的目的是开发一种估算 农业领域土壤流失的方法，该方法忠实于复杂的地形 和常见的空间异质性管理景观。通过将根据水蚀预测项目 （WEPP）模型改编的土壤分离-沉积 方程与现有水联系起来，可实现单个风暴的沉积物 损失Precision 农业-景观建模系统（PALMS）中的-flow子例程。在PALMS中，沉积物 在二维网格中适当布线，从而定义了 侵蚀材料所采取的路径。通常，PALMS在5至20 m的网格单元上运行 ，并模拟坡度，土壤质地，各向异性 表面粗糙度，土壤固结，冠层覆盖和耕作 与地形的相互作用。在这项研究中，使用PALMS和WEPP 来模拟理想的具有复杂山坡轮廓的 田地上的泥沙运移。两种模型均显示出 一致的土壤流失模式，而运输能力 仅有很小的差异。还将模型与实际 侵蚀图的数据进行了比较，在这些图中，预测的径流和土壤流失 对于PALMS和WEPP都具有相似的误差。为了说明PALMS的 功能，将其应用于具有复杂 地形的字段。

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  • 来源
    《Soil Science Society of America Journal》 |2007年第5期|1524-1537|共14页
  • 作者

    Carlos A. Bonilla; John M. Norman; Christine C. Molling;

  • 作者单位

    Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicu?a Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile,Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies, Space Science and Engineering Center, Univ. of Wisconsin, 1225 W. Dayton St., Madison, WI 53706;

    Dep. of Soil Science, Univ. of Wisconsin, 1525 Observatory Dr. Madison, WI 53706,Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies, Space Science and Engineering Center, Univ. of Wisconsin, 1225 W. Dayton St., Madison, WI 53706;

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