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NASA Sends Probes To Study Northern Lights

机译：美国宇航局发出探针研究北极光

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NASA launched a suborbital sounding rocket Jan. 28 from the Poker Flat Research Range in the Alaskan interior that deployed seven payloads to study the aurora borealis, more commonly known as the northern lights, NASA said. The four-stage Oriole 4 sounding rocket lifted off at 1:41 a.m. local time carrying the Aurora Spatial Structures Probe (ASSP) built by Utah State University's Space Dynamics Laboratory. The payload consisted of a main sensor and six smaller probes weighing about 3.3 kilograms each that were successfully deployed to measure energy levels in the aurora. In a press release, the Space Dynamics Laboratory said the ASSP mission was unique in its ability to gather data from different vantage points over the aurora. The six smaller probes "are ejected from the rocket in different directions at high velocity, essentially acting as space buoys, to create a network of measurements that will allow us to see the structure of the aurora over a much wider area than was possible before," Tim Neilsen, ASSP program manager at the Space Dynamics Lab, said in the release. The northern lights are created by solar wind as it interacts with the outer layers of the atmosphere. Typically they occur in the thermosphere, a regional layer that lies between 90 and 500-1,000 kilometers of Earth's surface. By measuring the temporal and spatial variations of energy in the aurora, scientists hope to better predict heating and resulting expansion of the thermo-sphere, a phenomenon that can increase drag on orbiting satellites. "Satellite planners and operators will then be able to better plan and forecast the state of the thermosphere as they relate to satellite trajectories," the laboratory said in its press release.
机译：NASA表示，NASA于1月28日从阿拉斯加内部的Poker Flat Research Range发射了一颗亚轨道探测火箭，该火箭部署了七个有效载荷来研究北极光，通常被称为北极光。四段Oriole 4探空火箭在当地时间凌晨1:41升空，运载着由犹他州立大学太空动力学实验室制造的极光空间结构探测器（ASSP）。有效载荷由一个主传感器和六个重约3.3千克的较小探针组成，每个探针均已成功部署以测量极光中的能量水平。太空动力学实验室在一份新闻稿中说，ASSP任务的独特之处在于它能够从极光的不同有利位置收集数据。六个较小的探针“以不同的速度从火箭上以不同方向高速射出，基本上起着太空浮标的作用，以创建一个测量网络，使我们能够在比以前更大的范围内看到极光的结构， “太空动力学实验室的ASSP计划经理Tim Neilsen在新闻稿中说。北极光是由太阳风与大气的外层相互作用而产生的。它们通常发生在热圈中，热圈是位于地球表面90至500-1,000公里之间的区域层。通过测量极光中能量的时间和空间变化，科学家希望更好地预测热量以及由此引起的热圈膨胀，这种现象会增加对人造卫星的阻力。实验室在新闻稿中说：“卫星计划者和操作者将能够更好地计划和预测与卫星轨道有关的热圈状态。”

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    《Space news》 |2015年第4期|8-8|共1页
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