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Scope versus speed: Team diversity, leader experience, and patenting outcomes for firms

机译：范围与速度：团队的多样性，领导者的经验以及公司的专利成果

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Research Summary: How does the organization of patenting activity affect a firm's patenting outcomes? We investigate how the composition of patenting teams relates to both the scope of their patent applications and the speed with which their patents are approved, by examining the main effects of team members' intra-organizational diversity (based on affiliations with formal organizational units and informal organizational communities) and the moderating effects of team leader experience. We test our moderated mediation model in a sample of 121 teams that filed patents in a Fortune 50 company's India R&D center between 2005 and 2015, using proprietary employee data combined with newly released micro-data from the U.S Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). Our findings illuminate the micro-foundations of innovation in firms by highlighting a trade-off between organizing patenting activity to maximize scope versus speed. Managerial Summary: Patenting is an important strategic tool that firms can use to protect and create value from their innovations. A firm can benefit from filing a patent application that gives it a wider possible set of claims related to an innovation. It can also benefit from faster approval of a patent application by the Patent Office. However, our study shows that there is a trade-off between patent application scope and patent approval speed, which creates tensions for the organization of patenting activities inside firms. In particular, we find that the diversity of a patenting team is positively related to patent scope but negatively related to patenting speed, and that these relationships vary with the experience of the team leader.
机译：研究摘要：专利活动的组织如何影响公司的专利成果？通过检查团队成员组织内部多样性的主要影响（基于与正式组织单位和非正式组织的隶属关系），我们研究专利团队的组成如何与其专利申请范围和专利批准速度相关联组织社区）以及团队领导者经验的调节作用。我们使用2005年至2015年间财富50强公司在印度研发中心申请专利的121个团队的样本对我们的调解模型进行了测试，使用了专有员工数据以及美国专利商标局（USPTO）的最新微数据。我们的发现通过强调组​​织专利活动以最大化范围与速度之间的权衡取舍，从而阐明了企业创新的微观基础。管理摘要：专利是企业可以用来保护创新并创造价值的重要战略工具。公司可以从提交专利申请中受益，该专利申请可以给它提供与创新有关的更广泛的权利要求。它还可以从专利局更快地批准专利申请中受益。但是，我们的研究表明，专利申请范围和专利批准速度之间存在折衷，这给企业内部的专利活动组织造成了压力。特别是，我们发现专利团队的多样性与专利范围正相关，而与专利速度负相关，并且这些关系随团队负责人的经验而变化。

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