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Scientists and their cultural heritage: Knowledge, politics and ambivalent relationships

机译：科学家及其文化遗产：知识，政治和矛盾关系

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For many years, scientific heritage has received attention from multiple actors from different spheres of activity-archives, museums, scientific institutions. Beyond the heterogeneity revealed when examining the place of scientific heritage in different places, an authentic patrimonial configuration emerges and takes the form of a nebula of claims and of accomplishments that result, in some cases, in institutional and political recognition at the national level, in various country all around the world. At the international level, the creation of the international committee dedicated to University Museums and Collections (UMAC) within the International Council of Museums (ICOM) certainly testified from this raising interest in academic heritage and the existence of a specific community concern with it. This article presents numerous initiatives for the preservation of scientific heritage in France, with the goal of analysing the relationship scientists have with their heritage. We argue that scientific communities have a special relationship with heritage, which is characterized by a number of ambiguities. We show that such ambivalences allow analysis of identity, discipline, professional, and social issues operative in defining heritage and being redefined by heritage. To explore these dimensions, we have chosen to present three different case studies. The first traces the institutional uses of heritage by a scientific institution, the Commissariat a l'energie atomique (CEA), through the transformation of the first French atomic reactor (ZOE) into a museum. The second example describes the initiatives of French astronomers from the mid-1990s to construct a national programme for the protection of astronomy heritage. Lastly, we recount the case of universities, with the example of the Universite de Strasbourg.
机译：多年来，科学遗产受到了来自活动档案，博物馆，科学机构等不同领域的众多参与者的关注。在考察不同地方的科学遗产的地方时发现的异质性之外，还出现了真正的世袭制结构，并以要求和成就的星云形式出现，在某些情况下，这些星系和成就在国家一级得到了机构和政治上的认可，世界各地的各个国家。在国际一级，在国际博物馆理事会（ICOM）内成立了致力于大学博物馆和馆藏的国际委员会（UMAC），这无疑证明了这种对学术遗产的浓厚兴趣，以及与之相关的特定社区关注。本文提出了许多保护法国科学遗产的举措，目的是分析科学家与他们的遗产之间的关系。我们认为，科学界与遗产有着特殊的关系，其特点是含混不清。我们表明，这种矛盾性允许对身份，纪律，专业和社会问题进行分析，以定义遗产并通过遗产重新定义。为了探索这些方面，我们选择呈现三个不同的案例研究。第一部分通过将法国第一座原子反应堆（ZOE）改造成博物馆，追溯了科学机构“能源原子委员会（CEA）”对遗产的机构使用。第二个例子描述了1990年代中期法国天文学家为构建国家天文学遗产保护计划而采取的举措。最后，我们以斯特拉斯堡大学为例重述大学的情况。

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