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Realism bit by bit: Part Ⅱ. Disjunctive partial reference

机译:现实主义点滴:第二部分。析取性部分参考

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In this second paper, I continue my discussion of the problem of reference for scientific realism. First, I consider a final objection to Kitcher's account of reference, which I generalise to other accounts of reference. Such accounts make attributions of reference by appeal to our pretheoretical intuitions about how true statements ought to be distibuted among the scientific utterances of the past. I argue that in the cases that merit discussion, this strategy fails because our intuitions are unstable. The interesting cases are importantly borderline—it really isn't clear what we ought to say about how those terms referred. I conclude that in many relevant cases, our grounds for thinking that the theoretical terms of the past referred are matched by our grounds for thinking that they failed to refer, in such a way that deciding on either result is arbitrary and bad news for the realist. In response to this problem, in the second part of the paper I expand upon Field's (1973) account of partial reference to sketch a new way of thinking about the theoretical terms of the past—that they partially referred and partially failed to refer.
机译:在第二篇论文中,我将继续讨论科学现实主义的参考问题。首先,我认为对Kitcher的参考书目有最后的反对,我将其概括为其他参考书目。这样的描述通过诉诸于我们关于应该如何在过去的科学话语中散布真实陈述的理论上的直觉来提供参考属性。我认为,在值得讨论的情况下,该策略会失败,因为我们的直觉是不稳定的。重要的是,有趣的情况是临界点-真的不清楚我们该对这些术语的引用方式。我得出的结论是,在许多相关案例中,我们认为过去提到的理论术语与我们认为他们没有提及的理由相匹配,以至于对这两种结果作出决定对于现实主义者来说是武断的,也是坏消息。 。为了解决这个问题,在本文的第二部分中,我扩展了Field(1973)对部分引用的描述,以勾勒出一种关于过去理论术语的新思维方式,即它们部分引用而部分未能引用。

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