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首页> 外文期刊>Sustainability science >New approaches to support implementation of nature conservation, landscape management and cultural landscape development: experiences from Germany's southwest
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New approaches to support implementation of nature conservation, landscape management and cultural landscape development: experiences from Germany's southwest

机译：支持实施自然保护，景观管理和文化景观开发的新方法：德国西南地区的经验

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摘要

Worldwide natural landscapes are being replaced by human-dominated landscapes. A main feature is the human imprint that shapes and re-shapes these landscapes and reflects the socio-economic, political and cultural conditions as well as needs and values of a particular society at a given time. Some of these landscapes are considered cultural landscapes, in particular those that evolved over long periods of time and created biologically and culturally diverse landscapes with characteristic landscape elements. These cultural landscapes are considered worthy of protection. However, protecting or 'freezing' cultural landscapes at a particular point in time seems to be a contradictive goal since they have been continuously evolving based on their use and management. Therefore, maintaining and developing cultural landscapes or landscape elements in a way that they can contribute to their unique character whilst protecting internationally and nationally listed habitats and species appears to be a more sensible goal. We present Germany's southwest, the state of Baden-Wurttemberg as a case study. We discuss the wide range of instruments that have been put in place to maintain and develop Baden-Wurttemberg's cultural landscapes. We speculate about their future and argue that to maintain and develop these and other cultural landscapes around the globe require creative strategies that complement the conventional nature conservation and landscape management approaches. Although no panacea, regional development strategies that are developed from the bottom-up and are embedded in legal planning frameworks are likely to support management and development of cultural landscapes more effectively than any individual applications of the existing conventional approaches.
机译：世界范围内的自然景观被人类主导的景观所取代。一个主要特征是人类的烙印，它们塑造并重塑了这些景观，并反映了特定时期的社会经济，政治和文化条件以及特定社会的需求和价值。其中一些景观被认为是文化景观，尤其是那些经过长时间演变并创造出具有特色景观元素的生物和文化多样性景观的景观。这些文化景观被认为值得保护。但是，在某个特定时间点保护或“冻结”文化景观似乎是一个相互矛盾的目标，因为它们是基于其使用和管理而不断发展的。因此，维护和发展文化景观或景观元素，使其能够在保护国际和国家级生境和物种的同时，为其独特的特性做出贡献，似乎是一个更明智的目标。我们以德国西南部巴登-符腾堡州为例。我们讨论了维护和发展巴登-符腾堡州文化景观的各种手段。我们推测它们的未来，并认为要在全球范围内维护和发展这些文化景观和其他文化景观，需要创造性的策略来补充传统的自然保护和景观管理方法。尽管没有灵丹妙药，但自下而上制定并嵌入法律规划框架中的区域发展战略可能比现有常规方法的任何单个应用更有效地支持文化景观的管理和发展。

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