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Exposure of atoll population to coastal erosion and flooding: a South Tarawa assessment, Kiribati

机译:环礁居民遭受沿海侵蚀和洪水的侵害:基里巴斯的南部塔拉瓦评估

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摘要

Atoll countries are particularly vulnerable to coastal hazards in the context of global change, which justifies the interest in population exposure assessments. This paper contributes to addressing this need by assessing the current exposure of the population of two areas of the South Tarawa Urban District (Tarawa Atoll, Republic of Kiribati) to coastal erosion and flooding. The assessment is based on data relating to island morphology (digital terrain models and shoreline change), land use (building extension and coastal works) and environmental changes reconstructed for the 1969-2008 period. The results highlight rapid changes in land use and significant differences in current population exposure to coastal erosion and flooding between and within study sites. Between 1969 and 2007-2008, the built area located less than 20 m from the reference shoreline has increased by a factor of 4.2 at Bairiki and by a factor of 32.2 at Eita-Bangantebure, enhancing population exposure given that land elevation is low (12.6 and 77.4 % <2 m at Bairiki and Eita-Bangantebure, respectively). Nevertheless, in Bairiki, 87.5 % of the built area is currently not exposed to coastal erosion (>20 m from the coastline) and flooding (>1.5 m). Building exposure is higher at Eita-Bangantebure, where 71.3 % of the built area is currently not exposed (using the same criteria), but 17.1 % shows medium to very high levels of exposure, due to very low land elevation (22.3 % of the land area <1.5 m) and shoreline recession. The Eita-Bangantebure case study exemplifies the maladaptive trajectories of change that have been reported in other atoll countries.
机译:在全球变化的背景下,环礁国家特别容易受到沿海灾害的威胁,这证明了人们对人口暴露评估的兴趣。本文通过评估当前南塔拉瓦市区(基里巴斯共和国塔拉瓦环礁)两个地区的人口遭受海岸侵蚀和洪水的影响,满足了这一需求。评估基于与1969-2008年期间重建的岛屿形态(数字地形模型和海岸线变化),土地使用(建筑扩展和沿海工程)和环境变化有关的数据。结果突出显示了研究地点之间和之内的土地使用的快速变化以及当前人口遭受海岸侵蚀和洪水的巨大差异。在1969年至2007-2008年之间,距参考海岸线不到20 m的建筑面积在Bairiki增长了4.2倍,在Eita-Bangantebure增长了32.2倍,由于土地海拔低(12.6 Bairiki和Eita-Bangantebure分别为77.4%<2 m)。尽管如此,在拜伊里基(Bairiki),目前87.5%的建筑面积未受到海岸侵蚀(距海岸线> 20 m)和洪水(> 1.5 m)的影响。 Eita-Bangantebure的建筑物暴露程度较高,目前未暴露建筑面积的71.3%(使用相同标准),但由于土地海拔高度非常低(12.3%的建筑面积的22.3%),显示的暴露程度为中度到非常高陆地面积<1.5 m)和海岸线衰退。 Eita-Bangantebure案例研究举例说明了其他环礁国家已报道的适应不良的变化轨迹。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Sustainability science》 |2013年第3期|423-440|共18页
  • 作者单位

    UMR LIENSs 7266, University of la Rochelle-CNRS, Institut du Littoral et de rEnvironnement, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000;

    Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations (IDDRI-Sciences Po), 27 rue Saint-Guillaume,75006 Paris, France;

    UMR LIENSs 7266, University of la Rochelle-CNRS, Institut du Littoral et de rEnvironnement, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Population exposure; Coastal erosion; Flooding; SIDS; Kiribati; Trajectories of change;

    机译:人口接触;沿海侵蚀;洪水;小岛屿发展中国家;基里巴斯;变化轨迹;

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