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Virtual collaboration in knowledge work: from vision to reality

机译：知识工作中的虚拟协作：从愿景到现实

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Purpose - This paper aims to serve as a reminder that all work arrangements, including the presentrncase of distributed work, have their costs and benefits.rnDesign/methodology/approach - In addition to a literature review, the paper presents empiricalrnevidence from two case organizations in the field of technology industries and knowledge-intensivernbusiness services.rnFindings - In contrast to common assertions in the theoretical literature, distributed work is notrnalways an outcome of technological advancement or a proactive choice blessed by management, butrnoften a necessity dictated by the competition or customers. In the case companies here, a distributedrnorganizational structure was recognized as a necessary compromise, although the associated costsrngave cause for some concern. Rather than virtual cooperation, the knowledge workers interviewedrnvalued opportunities for face-to-face interaction and informal contact and networking. Nonetheless thernbenefits of distributed work were thought to outweigh its potential costs.rnOriginality/value - Regionally distributed work involves many similar problems as traditionalrntelework from home. To avoid potential risks, partial work distribution is advisable to mostrnorganizations.
机译：目的-本文旨在提醒所有工作安排，包括当前的分布式工作，都有其成本和收益。设计/方法/方法-除了文献综述之外，本文还提供了来自两个案例组织的经验证据。发现-与理论文献中的普遍主张相反，分布式工作并非总是技术进步的结果或管理层给予的积极选择，而是竞争或客户所要求的必然选择。在这里的公司案例中，分布式组织结构被认为是必要的折衷方案，尽管相关的成本投入引起了一些担忧。知识工作者不是虚拟合作，而是访谈了面对面互动，非正式联系和联网的宝贵机会。但是，分散工作的好处被认为超过了其潜在成本。原始性/价值-区域分散工作涉及许多与传统在家工作类似的问题。为了避免潜在的风险，建议大多数组织分配部分工作。

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