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Foresight on biopharmaceuticals: Designing foresight methods for Spanish biopharmaceuticals

机译：生物制药前瞻：设计西班牙生物制药前瞻方法

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This paper has as its starting point the analysis of the systemic failures in the Spanish Biopharmaceutical Innovation System grounded in the study carried out by the same authors for the OECD between 2002 and 2004. Based on the evidence that one of the main failures is the lack of sufficient linkages between the different actors involved in the dynamic of the system, this paper proposes third-generation foresight as an instrument of science and innovation policy for resolving the problem of systemic failures. Foresight exercises could become an important instrument for reorienting policy, building new networks and linkages among the different actors, bringing new stakeholders into the strategic debate, exploring future opportunities for investment in science and innovation activities, etc. The objective of this paper is the design of a foresight exercise on biopharmaceuticals with the aim of solving, or at least reducing, the failures of this Spanish sectoral system of innovation and in consequence making it stronger.
机译：本文以西班牙生物制药创新系统中的系统性故障分析为出发点，该分析基于同一作者在2002年至2004年间对OECD进行的研究。基于证据，主要的故障之一是缺乏考虑到涉及系统动态的不同参与者之间的充分联系，本文提出了第三代远见，作为解决系统性故障问题的科学和创新政策的工具。前瞻性练习可能会成为重要的工具，可用于调整政策，在不同参与者之间建立新的网络和联系，将新的利益相关者纳入战略辩论，探索未来对科学和创新活动进行投资的机会等。本文的目的是设计对生物药物进行有远见的演练，目的是解决或至少减少这种西班牙部门创新体系的失败，从而使其更强大。

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