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首页> 外文期刊>Technological forecasting and social change >Standard competition: Is collaborative strategy necessary in shaping the smart card market?
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Standard competition: Is collaborative strategy necessary in shaping the smart card market?

机译：标准竞争：塑造智能卡市场是否需要协作策略？

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摘要

This paper is concerned with the standard competition in the three most outstanding innovation cases of videocassette recorder [VCR; video home system (VHS)/Betamax standard competition], Windows operating system for personal computers (PC; Windows standard competition), and smart cards (smart cards standard competition). The study presents a comparative analysis of major conceptual frameworks in innovation management—the Competitive Forces Model by Porter [M. Porter, Competitive Strategy, Free Press, New York, 1980] and the Managing Migration Paths Model by Hamel and Prahalad [G. Hamel and C.K. Prahalad, Competing for the future, Harvard Business School Press Boston, MA, 1994] for empirical analysis and discussions. It is argued that the ability to establish an industry standard enables an innovator to create competitive advantage. In other words, the ability to establish an industry standard provides a platform for an innovator to excel at the innovation process by generating a continuity of commercially successful innovations. The paper evaluates the strategic management of innovations by studying the previous standard competition of innovations, to suggest the direction of smart cards. The players in the smart card industry may use this empirical analysis to define strategic approach for their plan to compete in smart card launch.
机译：本文关注的是盒式磁带录像机[VCR; VCR； VCR； VCR； VCR； VCR； VCR； VCR； VCR； VCR； VCR； VCR； VCR； VCR]的三个最杰出的创新案例中的标准竞争。视频家庭系统（VHS）/ Betamax标准竞赛]，用于个人计算机的Windows操作系统（PC； Windows标准竞赛）和智能卡（智能卡标准竞赛）。该研究对创新管理中的主要概念框架进行了比较分析，这是波特的竞争力模型[M.波特，《竞争战略》，自由出版社，纽约，1980年]和哈默尔和普拉哈拉德的《管理移民路径模型》 [G.哈默尔和C.K. Prahalad，《为未来而竞争》，哈佛商学院出版社，波士顿，1994年，进行了实证分析和讨论。有人认为，建立行业标准的能力使创新者可以创造竞争优势。换句话说，建立行业标准的能力为创新者提供了一个平台，通过产生连续的商业成功创新来在创新过程中脱颖而出。本文通过研究先前的创新标准竞争来评估创新的战略管理，以提出智能卡的发展方向。智能卡行业的参与者可能会使用此经验分析来定义其计划以参与智能卡发布竞争的战略方法。

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