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首页> 外文期刊>The Kasetsart Journal >Growth, Yield Attributes, Yields, and Weed Characteristics as Influenced by Integrated Nitrogen Fertilization and Weed-Control Measures of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia
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Growth, Yield Attributes, Yields, and Weed Characteristics as Influenced by Integrated Nitrogen Fertilization and Weed-Control Measures of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia

机译：氮肥综合施用和埃塞俄比亚中部裂谷玉米杂草控制措施对玉米生长，产量属性，产量和杂草特性的影响

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摘要

An experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 2003 at Dera and Melkassa, to study the influence of nitrogen fertilizer levels and weed control measures on growth, yield attributes, yields, and weed characteristics of maize (Zea mays L.) under rainfed condition. The experimental treatments were split plot design, comprising four nitrogen fertilizer levels [N_0, control, N_1, 10, N_2, 20, and N_3, 30 kg N/ ha in main plots and four weed control measures [W_0, weedy check, W_1, atrazine/s-metolachlor at 3.0 kg/ ha (pre-emergence); W_2, atrazine/s-metolachlor at 3.0 kg/ha + 2,4-D at 1.0 kg/ha (pre + post-emergence); and W_3, 2, 4-D at 1.0 kg/ha (post-emergence)] in sub-plots and were replicated thrice. Total biomass, straw yield, harvest index, plant height and lodging percentage were increased with an increase in N levels at both sites. Application of 30 kg N/ha was found helpful in reducing the dry matter accumulation by weeds probably because nitrogen requirement of weeds and crop was met at this level and crop could compete better with weeds due to increased growth. Leaf area increased with an increase in nitrogen, being maximum at 30 kg N and minimum in the control at Dera and Melkassa, respectively. Weed control measures not only increased the leaf area, yield attributes and the grain yield of maize but also decreased the weed population and dry matter of weeds. Suppression of weeds by weed-control measures resulted in better growth and development of maize. Weed population and dry matter production of weeds were effectively suppressed with pre and post-emergence application of atrazine/s-metolachlor at 3.0 kg/ha + 2,4- D at 1.0 kg/ ha increased the grain yield of maize by 13.4 % over control non-weeded.
机译：在2003年的雨季期间，在德拉和梅尔卡萨进行了一项实验，研究了氮肥水平和杂草控制措施对雨养条件下玉米（Zea mays L.）生长，产量特性，产量和杂草特性的影响。实验处理是分块设计，包括四个氮肥水平[N_0，对照，N_1、10，N_2、20和N_3，主样地30 kg N / ha和四个杂草控制措施[W_0，杂草检查，W_1，阿特拉津/异丙甲草胺3.0千克/公顷（出苗前）; W_2，3.0 kg / ha的阿特拉津/异丙甲草胺+ 1.0 kg / ha的2,4-D（出苗前+出苗后）；和W_3，2，4-D在1.0 kg / ha（出苗后）]在子图中，并重复三次。随着两个地点氮素含量的增加，总生物量，秸秆产量，收获指数，株高和倒伏百分比均增加。发现以30 kg N / ha的施用量有助于减少杂草的干物质积累，这可能是因为杂草和农作物的氮需求达到了此水平，并且由于增长，农作物可以更好地与杂草竞争。叶片面积随氮的增加而增加，在Dera和Melkassa分别以30 kg N最大和最小。杂草控制措施不仅增加了玉米的叶面积，产量属性和谷物产量，而且减少了杂草种群和杂草干物质。通过控制杂草来抑制杂草可以改善玉米的生长发育。在芽前和芽后分别施用3.0 kg / ha的阿特拉津/异丙甲草胺和1.0 kg / ha的2,4- D能够有效抑制杂草种群和杂草干物质产量，比上年增加了13.4％控制非杂草。

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