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GENDER, FINANCIAL RISK, AND PROBABILITY WEIGHTS

机译：性别，财务风险和概率权重

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摘要

Women are commonly stereotyped as more risk averse than men in financial decision making. In this paper we examine whether this stereotype reflects gender differences in actual risk-taking behavior by means of a laboratory experiment with monetary incentives. Gender differences in risk taking may be due to differences in valuations of outcomes or in probability weights. The results of our experiment indicate that value functions do not differ significantly between men and women. Men and women differ in their probability weighting schemes, however. In general, women tend to be less sensitive to probability changes. They also tend to underestimate large probabilities of gains more strongly than do men. This effect is particularly pronounced when the decisions are framed in investment terms. As a result, women appear to be more risk averse than men in specific circumstances.
机译：在财务决策中，女性通常比男性更倾向于规避风险。在本文中，我们将通过一项带有金钱激励的实验室实验，检验这种刻板印象是否能反映出实际冒险行为中的性别差异。承担风险的性别差异可能是由于结果评估或概率权重的差异。我们的实验结果表明，男女之间的价值函数没有显着差异。但是，男人和女人的概率加权方案不同。通常，妇女往往对概率变化不那么敏感。他们也往往比男人更容易低估获得收益的大概率。当以投资条款来制定决策时，这种影响尤其明显。结果，在特定情况下，女性似乎比男性更愿意规避风险。

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