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Effective Requirements Engineering

机译：有效需求工程

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摘要

Failures in systems closely correlate to shortcomings in the system's requirements. Some historic data suggests that requirements are responsible for nearly half of all system development failures. This is especially true for critical systems that are real-time and embedded. Expectations for fault tolerance, graceful degradation, degraded performance modes, and temporal challenges (latency and synchronization) fail to be fully satisfied by common practice. This tutorial discusses shortcomings in current practices, and provides guidance for enhanced practices that address historic shortcomings, and provide an approach to weighing tradeoffs associated with ambitious goals and realistic limits. It clarifies terminology to facilitate a clearer focus on underlying concepts. In addition, it specifically addresses the issue of stakeholder acceptability, allowing trade-offs of various system qualities to determine overall system acceptance. The tutorial does not describe in detail any specific techniques. Rather, it describes the ways that requirements need to be handled to maximize the likelihood of success. The topics covered include:1.An overview of the motivation for why a focus on requirements engineering is important 2. A discussion of the fundamental nature of requirements, and an analysis of the different types of requirements.3.A summary of the desired quality attributes of requirements specifications 4.An overview of the ways that requirements are defined5. A discussion of the various approaches used for verifying requirements 6.A brief analysis of the challenges that present themselves when developing requirements.
机译：系统故障与系统要求的缺陷密切相关。一些历史数据表明，需求是导致所有系统开发失败的一半。对于实时和嵌入式的关键系统尤其如此。常规实践无法完全满足对容错，正常降级，性能模式下降和时间挑战（延迟和同步）的期望。本教程讨论了当前实践中的缺点，并为解决历史性缺陷的增强型实践提供了指导，并提供了一种权衡与雄心勃勃的目标和现实限制相关的权衡的方法。它阐明了术语，以促进更清晰地关注基础概念。此外，它专门解决了利益相关者的可接受性问题，允许权衡各种系统质量来确定整体系统的可接受性。本教程未详细描述任何特定技术。相反，它描述了需要处理需求以最大化成功可能性的方式。涵盖的主题包括：1.为何着重关注需求工程很重要的动机2.讨论需求的基本性质，并对不同类型的需求进行分析3.期望质量的总结需求规范的属性4.定义需求的方式的概述5。讨论用于验证需求的各种方法6.简要分析在开发需求时所面临的挑战。

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