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A Procedure for Experimental and Numerical Investigations of Turbine Machinery Labyrinth Shroud Seals

机译：涡轮机械迷宫护罩密封件的实验和数值研究的程序

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— Labyrinth seals installed in turbine machines serve for decreasing the working fluid leakage through the clearances between the rotating and stationary structural elements in order to increase its flowrate through the flow path. The operational efficiency and reliability of all types of turbine machines (steam, gas, and hydraulic turbines; compressors; fans; pumps; etc.) depend to an essential extent on the type of seals (labyrinth, groove, etc.), which determine the working fluid leakage and intensity of hydrodynamic forces acting on the rotor. Therefore, those who design turbine machines should use a close-to-reality model of the flow pattern in labyrinth seals. Such a model was developed in the 1970s by A.G. Kostyuk with his coworkers at the Moscow Power Engineering Institute and is quite widely used in analyzing the dynamics of turbine machines. However, the procedures for thermal and aerodynamic design analyses of turbine machines, as well as relevant standards and handbooks, do not contain a description of this model nor do they contain recommendations for using it. At present, such a state of things becomes especially dangerous in connection with wide application of numerical methods of 3D design and analysis, when the use of an inadequately selected flow model (in particular, in seals) may give rise to essential errors. The article presents a review and scrutiny of the used numerical and experimental models of shroud seals; their drawbacks are shown, and a model adequately representing a real flow is described.
机译：- 迷宫式密封件安装在涡轮机机器中，用于通过旋转和静止结构元件之间的间隙来降低工作流体泄漏，以便通过流动路径增加其流量。所有类型的涡轮机（蒸汽，气体和液压涡轮机的运行效率和可靠性;压缩机;风扇;泵;等）依赖于密封件（迷宫，凹槽等）的重要程度，确定作用在转子上的流体动力的工作流体泄漏和强度。因此，设计涡轮机的人应该使用迷宫密封件中的流动模式的近距离模型。这样的模型是在20世纪70年代开发的，由莫斯科电力工程研究所与他的同事一起开发，并广泛用于分析涡轮机的动态。但是，涡轮机的热量和空气动力学设计分析以及相关标准和手册的程序，不包含此模型的描述，也不包含它们使用的建议。目前，这种状态与广泛应用的3D设计和分析的广泛应用是特别危险的，当使用不充分的选择流动模型（特别是在密封件）时可能产生基本误差。本文介绍了介绍和审查了母罩密封件的使用数值和实验模型;示出了它们的缺点，并且描述了适当代表实际流程的模型。

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