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首页> 外文期刊>Thermal engineering >Enhancement of the Efficiency of the Automatic Control System to Control the Thermal Load of Steam Boilers Fired with Fuels of Several Types
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Enhancement of the Efficiency of the Automatic Control System to Control the Thermal Load of Steam Boilers Fired with Fuels of Several Types

机译：提高控制多种类型燃料的蒸汽锅炉热负荷的自动控制系统的效率

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An automatic control system to control the thermal load (ACS) in a drum-type boiler under random fluctuations in the blast-furnace and coke-oven gas consumption rates and to control action on the natural gas consumption is considered. The system provides for use of a compensator by the basic disturbance, the blast-furnace gas consumption rate. To enhance the performance of the system, it is proposed to use more accurate mathematical second-order delay models of the channels of the object under control in combination with calculation by frequency methods of the controller parameters as well as determination of the structure and parameters of the compensator considering the statistical characteristics of the disturbances and using simulation. The statistical characteristics of the random blast-furnace gas consumption signal based on experimental data are provided. The random signal is presented in the form of the low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) components. The models of the correlation functions and spectral densities are developed. The article presents the results of calculating the optimal settings of the control loop with the controlled variable in the form of the "heat" signal with the restricted frequency variation index using three variants of the control performance criteria, viz., the linear and quadratic integral indices under step disturbance and the control error variance under random disturbance by the blastfurnace gas consumption rate. It is recommended to select a compensator designed in the form of series connection of two parts, one of which corresponds to the operator inverse to the transfer function of the PI controller, i.e., in the form of a really differentiating element. This facilitates the realization of the second part of the compensator by the invariance condition similar to transmitting the compensating signal to the object input. The results of simulation under random disturbance by the blast-furnace gas consumption are reported. Recommendations are made on the structure and parameters of the shaping filters for modeling the LF and HF components of the random signal. The results of the research may find applications in the systems to control the thermal processes with compensation of basic disturbances, in particular, in boilers for combustion of accompanying gases.
机译：考虑了一种自动控制系统，该系统可在鼓风炉和焦炉煤气消耗率的随机波动下控制鼓式锅炉的热负荷（ACS），并控制对天然气消耗的作用。该系统通过基本干扰（高炉煤气消耗率）提供补偿器的使用。为了增强系统的性能，建议结合控制参数的频率方法以及确定结构和参数的方法，使用更精确的控制对象通道的数学二阶延迟模型。补偿器考虑干扰的统计特性并使用仿真。提供了基于实验数据的随机高炉煤气消耗信号的统计特性。随机信号以低频（LF）和高频（HF）分量的形式表示。建立了相关函数和光谱密度的模型。本文介绍了使用控制性能标准的三种变体，即线性和二次积分，以具有受限频率变化指数的“热”信号形式，通过控制变量来计算控制环的最佳设置的结果。高炉煤气消耗率在阶跃扰动下的指数和随机扰动下的控制误差方差。建议选择一种补偿器，该补偿器设计为两部分串联的形式，其中之一对应于与PI控制器的传递函数成反比的运算符，即采用真正的微分元件形式。这类似于通过将补偿信号传输到对象输入端的不变性条件，方便了补偿器第二部分的实现。报道了在高炉煤气消耗引起的随机扰动下的模拟结果。建议对整形滤波器的结构和参数提出建议，以对随机信号的LF和HF分量建模。研究结果可能会发现在系统中用于控制热过程并补偿基本扰动，特别是在锅炉中燃烧伴随气体的应用中。

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