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Influence of high-energy impact on the physical and technical characteristics of coal fuels

机译：高能冲击对煤燃料物理技术特性的影响

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摘要

Currently, in the world’s large-scale coal-fired power industry, the combustion of pulverized coal is the most widely spread technology of combusting the coals. In recent years, the micropulverization technology for preparation and combustion of the coal has been developed in this field. As applied to the small-scale power industry, the method of combusting the coal in the form of a coal-water slurry has been explored for years. Fine coal powders are produced and used in the pulverized-coal gasification. Therefore, the coal preparation methods that involve high-dispersion disintegration of coals attract the greatest interest. The article deals with the problems of high-energy impact on the coal during the preparation of pulverized-coal fuels and coal-water slurries, in particular, during the milling of the coal in ball drum mills and the subsequent regrinding in disintegrators or the cavitation treatment of the coal-water slurries. The investigations were conducted using samples of anthracite and lignite from Belovskii open-pit mine (Kuznetsk Basin). It is shown that both the disintegration and the cavitation treatment are efficient methods for controlling the fuel characteristics. Both methods allow increasing the degree of dispersion of the coal. The content of the small-sized particles reground by cavitation considerably exceeds the similar figure obtained using the disintegrator. The specific surface area of the coal is increased by both cavitation and disintegration with the cavitation treatment producing a considerably greater effect. Being subjected to the cavitation treatment, most coal particles assume the form of a split characterized by the thermodynamically nonequilibrium state. Under external action, in particular, of temperature, the morphological structure of such pulverized materials changes faster and, consequently, the combustion of the treated coal should occur more efficiently. The obtained results are explained from the physical point of view.
机译：当前，在世界大型燃煤动力工业中，粉煤的燃烧是燃烧煤的最广泛的技术。近年来，在该领域中已经开发了用于煤的制备和燃烧的微粉碎技术。应用于小型电力工业，已经探索了多年以水煤浆形式燃烧煤的方法。生产细煤粉，并将其用于粉煤气化。因此，涉及煤的高分散崩解的选煤方法引起了最大的兴趣。本文涉及在粉煤燃料和煤水浆的制备过程中，特别是在球磨机中磨煤以及随后在粉碎机中再研磨或气蚀时，对煤产生高能影响的问题。水煤浆的处理。调查是使用来自Belovskii露天煤矿（库兹涅茨克盆地）的无烟煤和褐煤样品进行的。结果表明，崩解和空化处理都是控制燃料特性的有效方法。两种方法都可以提高煤的分散度。通过气穴磨碎的小颗粒的含量大大超过了使用粉碎机得到的相似值。通过空化和崩解两者增加了煤的比表面积，利用空化处理产生了明显更大的效果。经过气穴处理，大多数煤颗粒呈热力学非平衡态特征的裂片形式。在特别是温度的外部作用下，这种粉状材料的形态结构变化更快，因此，处理过的煤的燃烧应更有效地发生。从物理角度解释了获得的结果。

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