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Reducing Vibration Transfer from Power Plants by Active Methods

机译：通过主动方法减少发电厂的振动传递

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AbstractThe possibility of applying the methods of active damping of vibration and pressure pulsations for reducing their transfer from power plants into the environment, the seating, and the industrial premises are considered. The results of experimental works implemented by the authors on the active broadband damping of vibration and dynamic forces after shock-absorption up to 15 dB in the frequency band up to 150 Hz, of water pressure pulsations in the pipeline up to 20 dB in the frequency band up to 600 Hz, and of spatial low-frequency air noise indoors of a diesel generator at discrete frequency up to 20 dB are presented. It is shown that a reduction of vibration transfer through a vibration-isolating junction (expansion joints) of pipelines with liquid is the most complicated and has hardly been developed so far. This problem is essential for vibration isolation of power equipment from the seating and the environment through pipelines with water and steam in the power and transport engineering, shipbuilding, and in oil and gas pipelines in pumping stations. For improving efficiency, reducing the energy consumption, and decreasing the overall dimensions of equipment, it is advisable to combine the work of an active system with passive damping means, the use of which is not always sufficient. The executive component of the systems of active damping should be placed behind the vibration isolators (expansion joints). It is shown that the existence of working medium and connection of vibration with pressure pulsations in existing designs of pipeline expansion joints lead to growth of vibration stiffness of the expansion joint with the environment by two and more orders as compared with the static stiffness and makes difficulties for using the active methods. For active damping of vibration transfer through expansion joints of pipelines with a liquid, it is necessary to develop expansion joint structures with minimal connection of vibrations and pulsations and minimal vibration stiffness in the specified frequency range. The example of structure of such expansion joint and its test results are presented.
机译：摘要 考虑了采用主动阻尼振动和压力脉动的方法来减少其从发电厂向环境，座位和工业场所的转移的可能性。作者完成的实验工作的结果是，在高达150 Hz的频带中，在冲击吸收后高达15 dB的振动和动力的有源宽带阻尼，在管道中的水压脉动在频率上高达20 dB提出了一个高达600 Hz的频带，以及一个柴油发电机在室内以离散频率高达20 dB的空间低频空气噪声。结果表明，减少与液体通过管道的隔振结点（伸缩缝）传递的振动是最复杂的，并且迄今为止尚未开发出来。对于通过动力和运输工程，造船以及泵站的油气管道中的水和蒸汽的管道，动力设备与座椅和环境之间的振动隔离至关重要。为了提高效率，减少能耗并减小设备的整体尺寸，建议将主动系统的工作与被动阻尼装置结合起来，但使用被动阻尼装置并不总是足够的。主动阻尼系统的执行组件应放在隔振器（伸缩缝）的后面。结果表明，现有管道伸缩缝设计中存在工作介质以及振动与压力脉动的联系，导致伸缩缝与环境的振动刚度比静态刚度增加了两个或多个数量级，困难重重。使用主动方法。为了通过液体的管道的伸缩缝主动衰减振动传递，有必要开发在指定频率范围内具有最小的振动和脉动连接以及最小的振动刚度的伸缩缝结构。给出了这种伸缩缝的结构实例及其测试结果。

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