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Engineering Solutions for Polymer Composites Solar Water Heaters Production

机译：聚合物复合材料太阳能热水器生产的工程解决方案

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摘要

Analysis of engineering solutions aimed at a considerable decrease of solar water heaters cost via the use of polymer composites in heaters construction and solar collector and heat storage integration into a single device representing an integrated unit results are considered. Possibilities of creating solar water heaters of only three components and changing welding, soldering, mechanical treatment, and assembly of a complicate construction for large components molding of polymer composites and their gluing are demonstrated. Materials of unit components and engineering solutions for their manufacturing are analyzed with consideration for construction requirements of solar water heaters. Optimal materials are fiberglass and carbon-filled plastics based on hot-cure thermosets, and an optimal molding technology is hot molding. It is necessary to manufacture the absorbing panel as corrugated and to use a special paint as its selective coating. Parameters of the unit have been optimized by calculation. Developed two-dimensional numerical model of the unit demonstrates good agreement with the experiment. Optimal ratio of daily load to receiving surface area of a solar water heater operating on a clear summer day in the midland of Russia is 130-150 L/m~2. Storage tank volume and load schedule have a slight effect on solar water heater output. A thermal insulation layer of 35-40 mm is sufficient to provide an efficient thermal insulation of the back and side walls. An experimental model layout representing a solar water heater prototype of a prime cost of $70-90/(m~2 receiving surface) has been developed for a manufacturing volume of no less than 5000 pieces per year.
机译：考虑了旨在通过在加热器结构和太阳能收集器中使用聚合物复合材料显着降低太阳能热水器成本的工程解决方案分析，并考虑将热量存储集成到代表一个集成单元结果的单个设备中。演示了创建仅包含三个组件的太阳能热水器以及更改焊接，钎焊，机械处理以及组装复杂结构的可能性，该复杂结构用于聚合物复合材料的大型组件成型及其胶合。考虑到太阳能热水器的结构要求，分析了单元部件的材料及其制造的工程解决方案。最佳材料是基于热固性热固性材料的玻璃纤维和填充碳的塑料，最佳成型技术是热成型。有必要将吸收性面板制造成波纹状并使用特殊的涂料作为其选择性涂层。该单元的参数已通过计算优化。所开发单元的二维数值模型与实验结果吻合良好。在俄罗斯中部地区，在晴朗的夏日里工作的太阳能热水器的日负荷与接收表面积的最佳比率为130-150 L / m〜2。储水箱的体积和装载时间表对太阳能热水器的输出影响很小。 35-40 mm的隔热层足以为后壁和侧壁提供有效的隔热。已经开发出一种实验模型布局，该模型表示太阳能热水器原型的基本成本为70-90美元/（m〜2接收表面），每年的制造量不少于5000件。

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