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Differential trends in cigarette smoking in the USA: is menthol slowing progress?

机译：美国吸烟的差异趋势：薄荷醇是否在减缓进展？

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Introduction Mentholated cigarettes are at least as dangerous to an individual's health as non-mentholated varieties. The addition of menthol to cigarettes reduces perceived harshness of smoke, which can facilitate initiation. Here, we examine correlates of menthol use, national trends in smoking menthol and non-menthol cigarettes, and brand preferences over time. Methods We estimated menthol cigarette use during 2004-2010 using annual data on persons ≥12 years old from the National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. We adjusted self-reported menthol status for selected brands that were either exclusively menthol or non-menthol, based on sales data. Data were weighted to provide national estimates. Results Among cigarette smokers, menthol cigarette use was more common among 12-17 year olds (56.7%) and 18-25 year olds (45.0%) than among older persons (range 30.5% to 34.7%). In a multivariable analysis, menthol use was associated with being younger, female and of non-Caucasian race/ethnicity. Among all adolescents, the percentage who smoked non-menthol cigarettes decreased from 2004-2010, while menthol smoking rates remained constant; among all young adults, the percentage who smoked non-menthol cigarettes also declined, while menthol smoking rates increased. The use of Camel menthol and Marlboro menthol increased among adolescent and young adult smokers, particularly non-Hispanic Caucasians, during the study period. Conclusions Young people are heavy consumers of mentholated cigarettes. Progress in reducing youth smoking has likely been attenuated by the sale and marketing of mentholated cigarettes, including emerging varieties of established youth brands. This study should inform the Food and Drug Administration regarding the potential public health impact of a menthol ban.
机译：简介轻卷烟对人体健康的危害至少与非轻卷烟一样。在卷烟中添加薄荷醇可降低烟的刺耳感，从而有助于引发。在这里，我们研究了薄荷醇使用量，吸烟薄荷醇和非薄荷醇卷烟的全国趋势以及品牌随时间变化的相关性。方法我们使用《全国药物使用和健康调查》中12岁以上人群的年度数据，估计2004-2010年期间薄荷卷烟的使用情况。我们根据销售数据调整了薄荷醇或非薄荷醇品牌的自我报告的薄荷醇状态。数据经过加权以提供国家估算值。结果在吸烟者中，薄荷醇卷烟在12-17岁年龄段（56.7％）和18-25岁年龄段（45.0％）中比老年人（30.5％至34.7％的范围）更普遍。在多变量分析中，薄荷醇的使用与年轻，女性和非高加索人的种族/民族有关。在所有青少年中，从2004年至2010年，吸烟非薄荷卷烟的百分比下降，而薄荷醇吸烟率保持不变；在所有年轻人中，不使用薄荷醇卷烟的比例也有所下降，而薄荷醇吸烟率则有所上升。在研究期间，青少年吸烟者和青少年吸烟者，特别是非西班牙裔白种人，对骆驼薄荷醇和万宝路薄荷醇的使用增加。结论年轻人是薄荷卷烟的主要消费者。薄荷香烟的销售和市场推广，包括成熟青年品牌的新品种，在减少青年吸烟方面的进展可能已经减弱。这项研究应告知食品和药物管理局有关薄荷醇禁令可能对公共健康的影响。

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  • 来源
    《Tobacco control》 |2015年第1期|28-37|共10页
  • 作者

    Gary A Giovino; Andrea C Villanti; Paul D Mowery; Varadan Sevilimedu; Raymond S Niaura; Donna M Vallone; David B Abrams;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 311 Kimball Tower, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, New York 14214-8028, USA;

    The Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies at Legacy, Washington, District of Columbia, USA,Department of Health, Behavior and Society, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;

    Biostatistics, Inc., Atlanta, Georgia, USA;

    Biostatistics, Inc., Atlanta, Georgia, USA;

    The Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies at Legacy, Washington, District of Columbia, USA,Department of Health, Behavior and Society, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA;

    Department of Health, Behavior and Society, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA,Department of Research and Evaluation, Legacy, Washington, District of Columbia, USA;

    The Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies at Legacy, Washington, District of Columbia, USA,Department of Health, Behavior and Society, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA,Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA;

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